unify Kotlin test suites: rename test-kotlin2 to test-kotlin

Rename java/ql/test-kotlin2 to java/ql/test-kotlin (codeql/java-kotlin-tests)
and delete java/ql/test-kotlin1. The unified suite is the K2 test suite
(test-kotlin2) with expected files already updated by the preceding extractor
commits to converge K1 and K2 output.

The suite runs in both language modes via the test runner:
  * K1 mode  — CODEQL_KOTLIN_LEGACY_TEST_EXTRACTION_KOTLIN2 unset  → -language-version 1.9
  * K2 mode  — CODEQL_KOTLIN_LEGACY_TEST_EXTRACTION_KOTLIN2=true   → -language-version 2.0

Update CODEOWNERS and labeler.yml to reference test-kotlin.

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ JS:
 
 Kotlin:
   - java/kotlin-extractor/**/*
-  - java/ql/test-kotlin*/**/*
+  - java/ql/test-kotlin/**/*
 
 Python:
   - python/**/*

CODEOWNERS

@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@
 /swift/extractor/ @github/codeql-swift @github/code-scanning-language-coverage
 /misc/codegen/ @github/codeql-swift
 /java/kotlin-extractor/ @github/codeql-kotlin @github/code-scanning-language-coverage
-/java/ql/test-kotlin1/ @github/codeql-kotlin
-/java/ql/test-kotlin2/ @github/codeql-kotlin
+/java/ql/test-kotlin/ @github/codeql-kotlin
 
 # Experimental CodeQL cryptography
 **/experimental/**/quantum/ @github/ps-codeql

actions/ql/lib/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+## 0.4.38
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* GitHub Actions queries now better account for permission checks on jobs that call reusable workflows.
+* The query `actions/pr-on-self-hosted-runner` was updated to the latest standard runner labels reducing false positive results.
+
 ## 0.4.37
 
 ### Minor Analysis Improvements

actions/ql/lib/change-notes/2026-06-12-self_hosted_runners.md

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
----
-category: fix
----
-* The query `actions/pr-on-self-hosted-runner` was updated to the latest standard runner labels reducing false positive results.

actions/ql/lib/change-notes/released/0.4.38.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+## 0.4.38
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* GitHub Actions queries now better account for permission checks on jobs that call reusable workflows.
+* The query `actions/pr-on-self-hosted-runner` was updated to the latest standard runner labels reducing false positive results.

actions/ql/lib/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.37
+lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.38

actions/ql/lib/codeql/actions/security/ControlChecks.qll

@@ -42,6 +42,15 @@ string actor_not_attacker_event() {
     ]
 }
 
+/**
+ * Gets the outer caller of `ej`, i.e. the `ExternalJob` that calls the
+ * reusable workflow containing `ej`. Used with transitive closure to
+ * walk up nested reusable workflow chains.
+ */
+private ExternalJob getAnOuterCaller(ExternalJob ej) {
+  result = ej.getEnclosingWorkflow().(ReusableWorkflow).getACaller()
+}
+
 /** An If node that contains an actor, user or label check */
 abstract class ControlCheck extends AstNode {
   ControlCheck() {
@@ -53,43 +62,170 @@ abstract class ControlCheck extends AstNode {
 
   predicate protects(AstNode node, Event event, string category) {
     // The check dominates the step it should protect
-    this.dominates(node) and
+    this.dominates(node, event) and
     // The check is effective against the event and category
     this.protectsCategoryAndEvent(category, event.getName()) and
     // The check can be triggered by the event
-    this.getATriggerEvent() = event
+    this.getATriggerEvent() = event and
+    // For reusable workflows, there must be no unprotected caller chain for this event.
+    (
+      not node.getEnclosingWorkflow() instanceof ReusableWorkflow
+      or
+      this.dominatesSameWorkflow(node, event)
+      or
+      not exists(ExternalJob directCaller |
+        directCaller = node.getEnclosingWorkflow().(ReusableWorkflow).getACaller() and
+        unprotectedCallerChain(directCaller, event, category)
+      )
+    )
   }
 
-  predicate dominates(AstNode node) {
+  /**
+   * Holds if this control check must execute and pass before `node` can run.
+   */
+  predicate dominates(AstNode node, Event event) {
+    this.dominatesSameWorkflow(node, event)
+    or
+    // When the node is inside a reusable workflow,
+    // this check dominates via at least one caller chain.
+    this.dominatesViaCaller(node, event, _)
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this control check dominates `node` within the same workflow.
+   */
+  predicate dominatesSameWorkflow(AstNode node, Event event) {
+    this.getATriggerEvent() = event and
+    (
+      // Step-level: the check is an `if:` on the step containing `node`,
+      // or on the enclosing job, or on a needed job/step.
+      this instanceof If and
+      (
+        node.getEnclosingStep().getIf() = this or
+        node.getEnclosingJob().getIf() = this or
+        node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getAStep().getIf() = this or
+        node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getIf() = this
+      )
+      or
+      // Job-level: the check is an environment on the enclosing job or a needed job.
+      this instanceof Environment and
+      (
+        node.getEnclosingJob().getEnvironment() = this
+        or
+        node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().getEnvironment() = this
+      )
+      or
+      // Step-level: the check is a Run/UsesStep that precedes `node`'s step
+      // in the same job, or is a step in a needed job.
+      (
+        this instanceof Run or
+        this instanceof UsesStep
+      ) and
+      (
+        this.(Step).getAFollowingStep() = node.getEnclosingStep()
+        or
+        node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getAStep() = this
+      )
+    )
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this control check dominates `node` in a reusable workflow
+   * via the caller chain starting at `directCaller`.
+   */
+  predicate dominatesViaCaller(AstNode node, Event event, ExternalJob directCaller) {
+    directCaller = node.getEnclosingWorkflow().(ReusableWorkflow).getACaller() and
+    directCaller.getATriggerEvent() = event and
+    exists(ExternalJob caller |
+      caller = getAnOuterCaller*(directCaller) and
+      this.dominatesCaller(caller)
+    )
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this control check directly dominates `caller`.
+   */
+  predicate dominatesCaller(ExternalJob caller) {
     this instanceof If and
     (
-      node.getEnclosingStep().getIf() = this or
-      node.getEnclosingJob().getIf() = this or
-      node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getAStep().getIf() = this or
-      node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getIf() = this
+      caller.getIf() = this or
+      caller.getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getIf() = this or
+      caller.getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getAStep().getIf() = this
     )
     or
     this instanceof Environment and
     (
-      node.getEnclosingJob().getEnvironment() = this
-      or
-      node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().getEnvironment() = this
+      caller.getEnvironment() = this or
+      caller.getANeededJob().getEnvironment() = this
     )
     or
-    (
-      this instanceof Run or
-      this instanceof UsesStep
-    ) and
-    (
-      this.(Step).getAFollowingStep() = node.getEnclosingStep()
-      or
-      node.getEnclosingJob().getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getAStep() = this.(Step)
-    )
+    (this instanceof Run or this instanceof UsesStep) and
+    caller.getANeededJob().(LocalJob).getAStep() = this
   }
 
   abstract predicate protectsCategoryAndEvent(string category, string event);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Holds if this control check directly protects `caller`.
+ */
+bindingset[caller, event, category]
+private predicate protectedCaller(ExternalJob caller, Event event, string category) {
+  exists(ControlCheck check |
+    check.protectsCategoryAndEvent(category, event.getName()) and
+    check.getATriggerEvent() = event and
+    check.dominatesCaller(caller)
+  )
+}
+
+cached
+private newtype TCallerState =
+  MkCallerState(ExternalJob caller, Event event, string category) {
+    caller.getATriggerEvent() = event and
+    category = any_category()
+  }
+
+private class CallerState extends TCallerState, MkCallerState {
+  ExternalJob caller;
+  Event event;
+  string category;
+
+  CallerState() { this = MkCallerState(caller, event, category) }
+
+  ExternalJob getCaller() { result = caller }
+
+  Event getEvent() { result = event }
+
+  string getCategory() { result = category }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets an outer caller state if this caller is not protected.
+   */
+  CallerState getUnprotectedOuterState() {
+    not protectedCaller(this.getCaller(), this.getEvent(), this.getCategory()) and
+    result = MkCallerState(getAnOuterCaller(this.getCaller()), this.getEvent(), this.getCategory())
+  }
+
+  predicate isUnprotectedOutermost() {
+    not protectedCaller(this.getCaller(), this.getEvent(), this.getCategory()) and
+    not exists(getAnOuterCaller(this.getCaller()))
+  }
+
+  string toString() { result = caller + " / " + event + " / " + category }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Holds if there is a caller path from `caller` to an outer workflow that has no protection.
+ */
+bindingset[caller, event, category]
+private predicate unprotectedCallerChain(ExternalJob caller, Event event, string category) {
+  exists(CallerState start, CallerState outermost |
+    start = MkCallerState(caller, event, category) and
+    outermost = start.getUnprotectedOuterState*() and
+    outermost.isUnprotectedOutermost()
+  )
+}
+
 abstract class AssociationCheck extends ControlCheck {
   // Checks if the actor is a MEMBER/OWNER the repo
   // - they are effective against pull requests and workflow_run (since these are triggered by pull_requests) since they can control who is making the PR

actions/ql/lib/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: codeql/actions-all
-version: 0.4.38-dev
+version: 0.4.39-dev
 library: true
 warnOnImplicitThis: true
 dependencies:

actions/ql/src/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+## 0.6.30
+
+### Query Metadata Changes
+
+* The name, description, and alert message of `actions/untrusted-checkout/medium` have been corrected to describe a non-privileged context.
+
 ## 0.6.29
 
 ### Query Metadata Changes

actions/ql/src/Security/CWE-285/ImproperAccessControl.ql

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from LocalJob job, LabelCheck check, MutableRefCheckoutStep checkout, Event even
 where
   job.isPrivileged() and
   job.getAStep() = checkout and
-  check.dominates(checkout) and
+  check.dominates(checkout, event) and
   (
     job.getATriggerEvent() = event and
     event.getName() = "pull_request_target" and

actions/ql/src/Security/CWE-829/UntrustedCheckoutHigh.ql

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ where
         check instanceof AssociationCheck or
         check instanceof PermissionCheck
       ) and
-      check.dominates(checkout) and
-      date_check.dominates(checkout)
+      check.dominates(checkout, event) and
+      date_check.dominates(checkout, event)
     )
     or
     // not issue_comment triggered workflows

actions/ql/src/change-notes/released/0.6.30.md

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
----
-category: queryMetadata
----
+## 0.6.30
+
+### Query Metadata Changes
+
 * The name, description, and alert message of `actions/untrusted-checkout/medium` have been corrected to describe a non-privileged context.

actions/ql/src/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 0.6.29
+lastReleaseVersion: 0.6.30

actions/ql/src/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: codeql/actions-queries
-version: 0.6.30-dev
+version: 0.6.31-dev
 library: false
 warnOnImplicitThis: true
 groups: [actions, queries]

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      COMMIT_SHA:
+        type: string
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ inputs.COMMIT_SHA }}
+      - run: |
+          npm install
+          npm run lint
+      

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      COMMIT_SHA:
+        type: string
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ inputs.COMMIT_SHA }}
+
+      

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested_branching.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      COMMIT_SHA:
+        type: string
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build_safe:
+    needs: is-collaborator
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ inputs.COMMIT_SHA }}
+  build_unsafe:
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ inputs.COMMIT_SHA }}

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    #needs: is-collaborator Mistake, doesn't wait for the collaborator - no security check
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repo
+        uses: actions/checkout@4
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # should alert
+          fetch-depth: 2
+      - run: yarn test

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build:
+    needs: is-collaborator
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # shouldn't alert since permission check

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable2.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build_unsafe:
+    # needs: is-collaborator
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # should alert since no permission check
+  build_safe:
+    needs: is-collaborator
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # shouldn't alert since permission check

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_branching_nested.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested_branching.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_level2.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build:
+    needs: is-collaborator
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # shouldn't alert since permission check

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_no_needs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build:
+    # needs: is-collaborator
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: is-collaborator
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repo
+        uses: actions/checkout@4
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # shouldn't alert since permission check
+          fetch-depth: 2
+      - run: yarn test
+  build_unsafe:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    # needs: is-collaborator
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repo
+        uses: actions/checkout@4
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} # should alert since no permission check
+          fetch-depth: 2
+      - run: yarn test

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/.github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_two_callers_both_protected.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+on:
+  pull_request_target:                                     
+
+jobs:
+  is-collaborator-a:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  caller-a:
+    needs: is-collaborator-a
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+  is-collaborator-b:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Get User Permission
+        id: checkAccess
+        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@cd622002ff25c2311d2e7fb82107c0d24be83f9b
+        with:
+          require: write
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Check User Permission
+        if: steps.checkAccess.outputs.require-result == 'false'
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.actor }} does not have permissions on this repo."
+          echo "Current permission level is ${{ steps.checkAccess.outputs.user-permission }}"
+          exit 1
+  caller-b:
+    needs: is-collaborator-b
+    uses: TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml@main
+    with:
+      COMMIT_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}

actions/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-829/UntrustedCheckoutCritical.expected

@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ edges
 | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:15:9:20:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:20:9:25:6 | Uses Step |
 | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:20:9:25:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:25:9:48:6 | Run Step: set-milestone |
 | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:25:9:48:6 | Run Step: set-milestone | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:48:9:52:57 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:14:9:17:7 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested_branching.yml:11:9:19:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build_nested_branching.yml:19:9:25:2 | Run Step |
 | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/formal.yml:14:9:19:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/formal.yml:19:9:25:6 | Run Step |
 | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/formal.yml:19:9:25:6 | Run Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/formal.yml:25:9:70:20 | Run Step |
 | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/reusable.yml:23:9:26:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/reusable.yml:26:9:29:7 | Run Step |
@@ -334,6 +336,17 @@ edges
 | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_6.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_6.yml:14:9:17:6 | Uses Step |
 | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_6.yml:14:9:17:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_6.yml:17:9:21:6 | Uses Step |
 | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_6.yml:17:9:21:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_6.yml:21:9:23:23 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:26:9:31:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:31:9:31:23 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable2.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable2.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_level2.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_level2.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_no_needs.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_no_needs.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:26:9:31:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:31:9:32:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:36:9:41:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:41:9:41:22 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_two_callers_both_protected.yml:8:9:16:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_two_callers_both_protected.yml:16:9:22:2 | Run Step |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_two_callers_both_protected.yml:30:9:38:6 | Uses Step: checkAccess | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_two_callers_both_protected.yml:38:9:44:2 | Run Step |
 | .github/workflows/workflow_run_untrusted_checkout.yml:13:9:16:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/workflow_run_untrusted_checkout.yml:16:9:18:31 | Uses Step |
 | .github/workflows/workflow_run_untrusted_checkout_2.yml:13:9:16:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/workflow_run_untrusted_checkout_2.yml:16:9:18:31 | Uses Step |
 | .github/workflows/workflow_run_untrusted_checkout_3.yml:13:9:16:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/workflow_run_untrusted_checkout_3.yml:16:9:18:31 | Uses Step |
@@ -344,6 +357,9 @@ edges
 | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:67:9:74:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:67:9:74:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:79:9:84:6 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:6:3:6:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
 | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:67:9:74:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:67:9:74:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:84:9:93:6 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/auto_ci.yml:6:3:6:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
 | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:15:9:20:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:15:9:20:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:25:9:48:6 | Run Step: set-milestone | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/dependabot3.yml:3:5:3:23 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
+| .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:14:9:17:7 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable2.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
+| .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:14:9:17:7 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_branching_nested.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
+| .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:11:9:14:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/build.yml:14:9:17:7 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permission_check_reusable_no_needs.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
 | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/reusable.yml:23:9:26:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/reusable.yml:23:9:26:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/external/TestOrg/TestRepo/.github/workflows/reusable.yml:26:9:29:7 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/reusable_caller1.yaml:4:3:4:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
 | .github/workflows/gitcheckout.yml:10:11:18:8 | Run Step | .github/workflows/gitcheckout.yml:10:11:18:8 | Run Step | .github/workflows/gitcheckout.yml:21:11:23:22 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/gitcheckout.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
 | .github/workflows/label_trusted_checkout2.yml:12:7:16:4 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/label_trusted_checkout2.yml:12:7:16:4 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/label_trusted_checkout2.yml:17:7:21:4 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/label_trusted_checkout2.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
@@ -377,3 +393,5 @@ edges
 | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout4.yml:29:7:35:4 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout4.yml:29:7:35:4 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout4.yml:47:7:51:46 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout4.yml:2:3:2:15 | issue_comment | issue_comment |
 | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:8:9:11:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:8:9:11:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:15:9:18:2 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
 | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:23:9:26:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:23:9:26:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:30:9:32:23 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:26:9:31:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:26:9:31:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:31:9:31:23 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_no_needs.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |
+| .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:36:9:41:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:36:9:41:6 | Uses Step | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:41:9:41:22 | Run Step | Checkout of untrusted code in a privileged workflow with later potential execution (event trigger: $@). | .github/workflows/untrusted_checkout_permissions_check.yml:2:3:2:21 | pull_request_target | pull_request_target |

cpp/ql/lib/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,20 @@
+## 11.0.0
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
+* Removed the deprecated `overrideReturnsNull` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.overrideReturnsNull` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `returnsNull` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.returnsNull` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `exits` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.exits` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `exprExits` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.exprExits` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `alwaysCheckReturnValue` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.alwaysCheckReturnValue` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `okToIgnoreReturnValue` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.okToIgnoreReturnValue` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `semmle.code.cpp.Member`. Import `semmle.code.cpp.Element` and/or `semmle.code.cpp.Type` directly.
+* Removed the deprecated `UnknownDefaultLocation` class. Use `UnknownLocation` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `UnknownExprLocation` class. Use `UnknownLocation` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `UnknownStmtLocation` class. Use `UnknownLocation` instead.
+* Removed the deprecated `TemplateParameter` class. Use `TypeTemplateParameter` instead.
+* Support for class resolution across link targets has been removed for databases which were created with CodeQL versions before 1.23.0.
+
 ## 10.2.0
 
 ### Deprecated APIs

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2026-06-30-mad-qualified-field-names.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: deprecated
+---
+* Models-as-data flow summaries now use fully qualified field names (for example, `MyNamespace::MyStruct::myField`) instead of unqualified field names such as `myField`. We recommend updating existing flow summaries to use fully qualified field names. Unqualified field names are still supported, but that support will be removed in a future release.

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2026-06-30-variables-as-mad-sources-and-sinks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: breaking
+---
+* Removed support for using variables as sources and sinks in models-as-data. Users of this feature should convert such sources and sinks to models defined using the QL language.

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/released/11.0.0.md

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
----
-category: breaking
----
+## 11.0.0
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
 * Removed the deprecated `overrideReturnsNull` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.overrideReturnsNull` instead.
 * Removed the deprecated `returnsNull` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.returnsNull` instead.
 * Removed the deprecated `exits` predicate from `Options.qll`. Use `CustomOptions.exits` instead.

cpp/ql/lib/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 10.2.0
+lastReleaseVersion: 11.0.0

cpp/ql/lib/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: codeql/cpp-all
-version: 10.2.1-dev
+version: 11.0.1-dev
 groups: cpp
 dbscheme: semmlecode.cpp.dbscheme
 extractor: cpp

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/ExternalFlow.qll

@@ -931,31 +931,6 @@ private Element interpretElement0(
     signature = "" and
     elementSpec(namespace, type, subtypes, name, signature, _)
   )
-  or
-  // Member variables
-  elementSpec(namespace, type, subtypes, name, signature, _) and
-  signature = "" and
-  exists(Class namedClass, Class classWithMember, MemberVariable member |
-    member.getName() = name and
-    member = classWithMember.getAMember() and
-    namedClass.hasQualifiedName(namespace, type) and
-    result = member
-  |
-    // field declared in the named type or a subtype of it (or an extension of any)
-    subtypes = true and
-    classWithMember = namedClass.getADerivedClass*()
-    or
-    // field declared directly in the named type (or an extension of it)
-    subtypes = false and
-    classWithMember = namedClass
-  )
-  or
-  // Global or namespace variables
-  elementSpec(namespace, type, subtypes, name, signature, _) and
-  signature = "" and
-  type = "" and
-  subtypes = false and
-  result = any(GlobalOrNamespaceVariable v | v.hasQualifiedName(namespace, name))
 }
 
 cached

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/internal/FlowSummaryImpl.qll

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ private import cpp as Cpp
 private import codeql.dataflow.internal.FlowSummaryImpl
 private import codeql.dataflow.internal.AccessPathSyntax as AccessPath
 private import semmle.code.cpp.ir.dataflow.internal.DataFlowPrivate
+private import semmle.code.cpp.ir.dataflow.internal.DataFlowNodes
 private import semmle.code.cpp.ir.dataflow.internal.DataFlowUtil
 private import semmle.code.cpp.ir.dataflow.internal.DataFlowImplSpecific as DataFlowImplSpecific
 private import semmle.code.cpp.dataflow.ExternalFlow
@@ -20,8 +21,22 @@ module Input implements InputSig<Location, DataFlowImplSpecific::CppDataFlow> {
 
   class SinkBase = Void;
 
+  class FlowSummaryCallBase = CallInstruction;
+
   predicate callableFromSource(SummarizedCallableBase c) { exists(c.getBlock()) }
 
+  FlowSummaryCallBase getASourceCall(SummarizedCallableBase sc) {
+    result.getStaticCallTarget() = sc
+  }
+
+  DataFlowCallable getSummarizedCallableAsDataFlowCallable(SummarizedCallableBase c) {
+    result.asSummarizedCallable() = c
+  }
+
+  DataFlowCallable getSourceCallEnclosingCallable(FlowSummaryCallBase call) {
+    result.asSourceCallable() = call.getEnclosingFunction()
+  }
+
   ArgumentPosition callbackSelfParameterPosition() { result = TDirectPosition(-1) }
 
   ReturnKind getStandardReturnValueKind() { result = getReturnValueKind("") }
@@ -30,6 +45,10 @@ module Input implements InputSig<Location, DataFlowImplSpecific::CppDataFlow> {
     arg = repeatStars(result.(NormalReturnKind).getIndirectionIndex())
   }
 
+  ParameterPosition getFlowSummaryParameterPosition(ReturnKind rk) {
+    result = TFlowSummaryPosition(rk)
+  }
+
   string encodeParameterPosition(ParameterPosition pos) { result = pos.toString() }
 
   string encodeArgumentPosition(ArgumentPosition pos) { result = pos.toString() }
@@ -40,12 +59,24 @@ module Input implements InputSig<Location, DataFlowImplSpecific::CppDataFlow> {
     arg = repeatStars(rk.(NormalReturnKind).getIndirectionIndex())
   }
 
+  bindingset[namespace, type, base]
+  private string formatQualifiedName(string namespace, string type, string base) {
+    if namespace = ""
+    then result = type + "::" + base
+    else result = namespace + "::" + type + "::" + base
+  }
+
   string encodeContent(ContentSet cs, string arg) {
-    exists(FieldContent c |
+    exists(FieldContent c, string namespace, string type, string base |
       cs.isSingleton(c) and
       // FieldContent indices have 0 for the address, 1 for content, so we need to subtract one.
       result = "Field" and
-      arg = repeatStars(c.getIndirectionIndex() - 1) + c.getField().getName()
+      c.getField().hasQualifiedName(namespace, type, base)
+    |
+      arg = repeatStars(c.getIndirectionIndex() - 1) + formatQualifiedName(namespace, type, base)
+      or
+      // TODO: This disjunct can be removed once we stop supporting unqualified field names.
+      arg = repeatStars(c.getIndirectionIndex() - 1) + base
     )
     or
     exists(ElementContent ec |
@@ -102,10 +133,22 @@ module Input implements InputSig<Location, DataFlowImplSpecific::CppDataFlow> {
 private import Make<Location, DataFlowImplSpecific::CppDataFlow, Input> as Impl
 
 private module StepsInput implements Impl::Private::StepsInputSig {
+  Impl::Private::SummaryNode getSummaryNode(Node n) {
+    result = n.(FlowSummaryNode).getSummaryNode()
+  }
+
   DataFlowCall getACall(Public::SummarizedCallable sc) {
     result.getStaticCallTarget().getUnderlyingCallable() = sc
   }
 
+  Node getSourceOutNode(Input::FlowSummaryCallBase call, ReturnKind rk) {
+    exists(IndirectReturnOutNode out | result = out |
+      out.getCallInstruction() = call and
+      pragma[only_bind_out](rk.(NormalReturnKind).getIndirectionIndex()) =
+        pragma[only_bind_out](out.getIndirectionIndex())
+    )
+  }
+
   DataFlowCallable getSourceNodeEnclosingCallable(Input::SourceBase source) { none() }
 
   Node getSourceNode(Input::SourceBase source, Impl::Private::SummaryComponentStack s) { none() }
@@ -218,40 +261,11 @@ module SourceSinkInterpretationInput implements
 
   /** Provides additional sink specification logic. */
   bindingset[c]
-  predicate interpretOutput(string c, InterpretNode mid, InterpretNode node) {
-    // Allow variables to be picked as output nodes.
-    exists(Node n, Element ast |
-      n = node.asNode() and
-      ast = mid.asElement()
-    |
-      c = "" and
-      n.asExpr().(VariableAccess).getTarget() = ast
-    )
-  }
+  predicate interpretOutput(string c, InterpretNode mid, InterpretNode node) { none() }
 
   /** Provides additional source specification logic. */
   bindingset[c]
-  predicate interpretInput(string c, InterpretNode mid, InterpretNode node) {
-    exists(Node n, Element ast, VariableAccess e |
-      n = node.asNode() and
-      ast = mid.asElement() and
-      e.getTarget() = ast
-    |
-      // Allow variables to be picked as input nodes.
-      // We could simply do this as `e = n.asExpr()`, but that would not allow
-      // us to pick `x` as a sink in an example such as `x = source()` (but
-      // only subsequent uses of `x`) since the variable access on `x` doesn't
-      // actually load the value of `x`. So instead, we pick the instruction
-      // node corresponding to the generated `StoreInstruction` and use the
-      // expression associated with the destination instruction. This means
-      // that the `x` in `x = source()` can be marked as an input.
-      c = "" and
-      exists(StoreInstruction store |
-        store.getDestinationAddress().getUnconvertedResultExpression() = e and
-        n.asInstruction() = store
-      )
-    )
-  }
+  predicate interpretInput(string c, InterpretNode mid, InterpretNode node) { none() }
 }
 
 module Private {

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowNodes.qll

@@ -1534,12 +1534,8 @@ class FlowSummaryNode extends Node, TFlowSummaryNode {
     result = this.getSummaryNode().getSummarizedCallable()
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Gets the enclosing callable. For a `FlowSummaryNode` this is always the
-   * summarized function this node is part of.
-   */
   override DataFlowCallable getEnclosingCallable() {
-    result.asSummarizedCallable() = this.getSummarizedCallable()
+    result = FlowSummaryImpl::Private::getEnclosingCallable(this.getSummaryNode())
   }
 
   override Location getLocationImpl() { result = this.getSummarizedCallable().getLocation() }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll

@@ -561,6 +561,21 @@ class SummaryArgumentNode extends ArgumentNode, FlowSummaryNode {
   }
 }
 
+/** An argument node that re-enters return output as input to a flow summary. */
+private class FlowSummaryArgumentNode extends ArgumentNode, FlowSummaryNode {
+  private CallInstruction callInstruction;
+  private ReturnKind rk;
+
+  FlowSummaryArgumentNode() {
+    this.getSummaryNode() = FlowSummaryImpl::Private::summaryArgumentNode(callInstruction, rk)
+  }
+
+  override predicate argumentOf(DataFlowCall call, ArgumentPosition pos) {
+    call.asCallInstruction() = callInstruction and
+    pos = TFlowSummaryPosition(rk)
+  }
+}
+
 /** A parameter position represented by an integer. */
 class ParameterPosition = Position;
 
@@ -616,6 +631,18 @@ class IndirectionPosition extends Position, TIndirectionPosition {
   final override int getIndirectionIndex() { result = indirectionIndex }
 }
 
+class FlowSummaryPosition extends Position, TFlowSummaryPosition {
+  ReturnKind rk;
+
+  FlowSummaryPosition() { this = TFlowSummaryPosition(rk) }
+
+  override string toString() { result = "write to: " + rk.toString() }
+
+  override int getArgumentIndex() { none() }
+
+  final override int getIndirectionIndex() { result = rk.getIndirectionIndex() }
+}
+
 newtype TPosition =
   TDirectPosition(int argumentIndex) {
     exists(any(CallInstruction c).getArgument(argumentIndex))
@@ -634,7 +661,8 @@ newtype TPosition =
       p = f.getParameter(argumentIndex) and
       indirectionIndex = [1 .. Ssa::getMaxIndirectionsForType(p.getUnspecifiedType()) - 1]
     )
-  }
+  } or
+  TFlowSummaryPosition(ReturnKind rk) { FlowSummaryImpl::Private::relevantFlowSummaryPosition(rk) }
 
 private newtype TReturnKind =
   TNormalReturnKind(int indirectionIndex) {
@@ -1378,6 +1406,8 @@ predicate nodeIsHidden(Node n) {
   n instanceof InitialGlobalValue
   or
   n instanceof SsaSynthNode
+  or
+  n.(FlowSummaryNode).getSummaryNode().isHidden()
 }
 
 predicate neverSkipInPathGraph(Node n) {

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowUtil.qll

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ private module Cached {
     model = ""
     or
     // models-as-data summarized flow
-    FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::summaryLocalStep(nodeFrom.(FlowSummaryNode).getSummaryNode(),
+    FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::summaryLocalStep(nodeFrom,
       nodeTo.(FlowSummaryNode).getSummaryNode(), true, model)
   }
 

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/TaintTrackingUtil.qll

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ private module Cached {
     model = ""
     or
     // models-as-data summarized flow
-    FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::summaryLocalStep(nodeFrom.(FlowSummaryNode).getSummaryNode(),
+    FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::summaryLocalStep(nodeFrom,
       nodeTo.(FlowSummaryNode).getSummaryNode(), false, model)
     or
     // object->field conflation for content that is a `TaintInheritingContent`.

cpp/ql/src/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 1.6.5
+
+No user-facing changes.
+
 ## 1.6.4
 
 No user-facing changes.

cpp/ql/src/change-notes/released/1.6.5.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 1.6.5
+
+No user-facing changes.

cpp/ql/src/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 1.6.4
+lastReleaseVersion: 1.6.5

cpp/ql/src/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: codeql/cpp-queries
-version: 1.6.5-dev
+version: 1.6.6-dev
 groups:
   - cpp
   - queries

cpp/ql/test/examples/BadLocking/AV Rule 107.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-jsf/4.13 Functions/AV Rule 107.ql
+query: jsf/4.13 Functions/AV Rule 107.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/examples/BadLocking/LocalVariableHidesGlobalVariable.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-Best Practices/Hiding/LocalVariableHidesGlobalVariable.ql
+query: Best Practices/Hiding/LocalVariableHidesGlobalVariable.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/examples/BadLocking/UnintendedDeclaration.cpp

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void test1()
 
 void test2()
 {
-	Lock<Mutex> myLock(); // BAD (interpreted as a function declaration, this does nothing)
+	Lock<Mutex> myLock(); // $ Alert[cpp/function-in-block] // BAD (interpreted as a function declaration, this does nothing)
 
 	// ...
 }
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ void test3()
 
 void test4()
 {
-	Lock<Mutex>(myMutex); // BAD (creates an uninitialized variable called `myMutex`, probably not intended)
+	Lock<Mutex>(myMutex); // $ Alert[cpp/local-variable-hides-global-variable] // BAD (creates an uninitialized variable called `myMutex`, probably not intended)
 
 	// ...
 }
 
 void test5()
 {
-	Lock<Mutex> myLock(Mutex); // BAD (interpreted as a function declaration, this does nothing)
+	Lock<Mutex> myLock(Mutex); // $ Alert[cpp/function-in-block] // BAD (interpreted as a function declaration, this does nothing)
 
 	// ...
 }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public:
 
 	void test7()
 	{
-		Lock<Mutex>(memberMutex); // BAD (creates an uninitialized variable called `memberMutex`, probably not intended) [NOT DETECTED]
+		Lock<Mutex>(memberMutex); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD (creates an uninitialized variable called `memberMutex`, probably not intended) [NOT DETECTED]
 
 		// ...
 	}

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-020/NoCheckBeforeUnsafePutUser/NoCheckBeforeUnsafePutUser.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-020/NoCheckBeforeUnsafePutUser.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-020/NoCheckBeforeUnsafePutUser.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-020/NoCheckBeforeUnsafePutUser/test.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ void test1(int p)
 {
 	sys_somesystemcall(&p);
 
-	unsafe_put_user(123, &p); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+	unsafe_put_user(123, &p); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
 }
 
 void test2(int p)
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void test3()
 
 	sys_somesystemcall(&v);
 
-	unsafe_put_user(123, &v); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+	unsafe_put_user(123, &v); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
 }
 
 void test4()
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ void test5()
 
 	sys_somesystemcall(&myData);
 
-	unsafe_put_user(123, &(myData.x)); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+	unsafe_put_user(123, &(myData.x)); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
 }
 
 void test6()

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-020/semmle/tests/LateCheckOfFunctionArgument.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-020/LateCheckOfFunctionArgument.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-020/LateCheckOfFunctionArgument.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-020/semmle/tests/test.c

@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ void workFunction_0(char *s) {
   char buf[80], buf1[8];
   if(len<0) return;
   memset(buf,0,len); //GOOD
-  memset(buf1,0,len1); //BAD
+  memset(buf1,0,len1); // $ Alert //BAD
   if(len1<0) return;
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-078/WordexpTainted.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-078/WordexpTainted.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-078/WordexpTainted.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-078/test.cpp

@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ enum {
 
 int wordexp(const char *restrict s, wordexp_t *restrict p, int flags);
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+int main(int argc, char** argv) { // $ Source
   char *filePath = argv[2];
 
   {
     // BAD: the user string is injected directly into `wordexp` which performs command substitution
 
     wordexp_t we;
-    wordexp(filePath, &we, 0);
+    wordexp(filePath, &we, 0); // $ Alert
   }
 
   {

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-1041/semmle/tests/FindWrapperFunctions.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-1041/FindWrapperFunctions.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-1041/FindWrapperFunctions.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-1041/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ void myFclose(FILE * fmy)
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
   fe = fopen("myFile.txt", "wt");
-  fclose(fe); // BAD
+  fclose(fe); // $ Alert // BAD
   fe = fopen("myFile.txt", "wt");
   myFclose(fe); // GOOD
   return 0;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-1126/semmle/tests/DeclarationOfVariableWithUnnecessarilyWideScope.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-1126/DeclarationOfVariableWithUnnecessarilyWideScope.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-1126/DeclarationOfVariableWithUnnecessarilyWideScope.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-1126/semmle/tests/test.c

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ void workFunction_0(char *s) {
   while(intIndex > 2)
   {
     buf[intIndex] = 1;
-    int intIndex; // BAD
+    int intIndex; // $ Alert // BAD
     intIndex--;
   }
   intIndex = 10;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-1240/CustomCryptographicPrimitive.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-1240/CustomCryptographicPrimitive.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-1240/CustomCryptographicPrimitive.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-1240/tests_crypto.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ int strlen(const char *string);
 
 // the following function is homebrew crypto written for this test.  This is a bad algorithm
 // on multiple levels and should never be used in cryptography.
-void encryptString(char *string, unsigned int key) {
+void encryptString(char *string, unsigned int key) { // $ Alert
 	char *ptr = string;
 	int len = strlen(string);
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void encryptString(char *string, unsigned int key) {
 
 // the following function is homebrew crypto written for this test.  This is a bad algorithm
 // on multiple levels and should never be used in cryptography.
-void MyEncrypt(const unsigned int *dataIn, unsigned int *dataOut, unsigned int dataSize, unsigned int key[2]) {
+void MyEncrypt(const unsigned int *dataIn, unsigned int *dataOut, unsigned int dataSize, unsigned int key[2]) { // $ Alert
 	unsigned int state[2];
 	unsigned int t;
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void MyEncrypt(const unsigned int *dataIn, unsigned int *dataOut, unsigned int d
 // the following function resembles an implementation of the AES "mix columns"
 // step. It is not accurate, efficient or safe and should never be used in
 // cryptography.
-void mix_columns(const uint8_t inputs[4], uint8_t outputs[4]) {
+void mix_columns(const uint8_t inputs[4], uint8_t outputs[4]) { // $ Alert
 	// The "mix columns" step takes four bytes as inputs. Each byte represents a
 	// polynomial with 8 one-bit coefficients, e.g. input bits 00001101
 	// represent the polynomial x^3 + x^2 + 1.  Arithmetic is reduced modulo
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ void mix_columns(const uint8_t inputs[4], uint8_t outputs[4]) {
 // the following function resembles initialization of an S-box as may be done
 // in an implementation of DES, AES and other encryption algorithms. It is not
 // accurate, efficient or safe and should never be used in cryptography.
-void init_aes_sbox(unsigned char data[256]) {
+void init_aes_sbox(unsigned char data[256]) { // $ Alert
 	// initialize `data` in a loop using lots of ^, ^= and << operations and
 	// a few fixed constants.
 	unsigned int state = 0x12345678;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-125/semmle/tests/DangerousWorksWithMultibyteOrWideCharacters.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-125/DangerousWorksWithMultibyteOrWideCharacters.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-125/DangerousWorksWithMultibyteOrWideCharacters.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-125/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static void badTest1(const char* ptr)
   int ret;
   int len;
   len = strlen(ptr);
-  for (wchar_t wc; (ret = mbtowc(&wc, ptr, 4)) > 0; len-=ret) { // BAD:we can get unpredictable results
+  for (wchar_t wc; (ret = mbtowc(&wc, ptr, 4)) > 0; len-=ret) { // $ Alert // BAD:we can get unpredictable results
     wprintf(L"%lc", wc);
     ptr += ret;
   }
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static void badTest2(const char* ptr)
   int ret;
   int len;
   len = strlen(ptr);
-  for (wchar_t wc; (ret = mbtowc(&wc, ptr, sizeof(wchar_t))) > 0; len-=ret) { // BAD:we can get unpredictable results
+  for (wchar_t wc; (ret = mbtowc(&wc, ptr, sizeof(wchar_t))) > 0; len-=ret) { // $ Alert // BAD:we can get unpredictable results
     wprintf(L"%lc", wc);
     ptr += ret;
   }
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static void badTest3(const char* ptr,int wc_len)
   len = wc_len;
   wchar_t *wc = new wchar_t[wc_len];
   while (*ptr && len > 0) {
-    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, MB_CUR_MAX); // BAD
+    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, MB_CUR_MAX); // $ Alert // BAD
     if (ret <0)
       break;
     if (ret == 0 || ret > len)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ static void badTest4(const char* ptr,int wc_len)
   len = wc_len;
   wchar_t *wc = new wchar_t[wc_len];
   while (*ptr && len > 0) {
-    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, 16); // BAD
+    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, 16); // $ Alert // BAD
     if (ret <0)
       break;
     if (ret == 0 || ret > len)
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ static void badTest5(const char* ptr,int wc_len)
   len = wc_len;
   wchar_t *wc = new wchar_t[wc_len];
   while (*ptr && len > 0) {
-    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, sizeof(wchar_t)); // BAD
+    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, sizeof(wchar_t)); // $ Alert // BAD
     if (ret <0)
       break;
     if (ret == 0 || ret > len)
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ static void badTest6(const char* ptr,int wc_len)
   len = wc_len;
   wchar_t *wc = new wchar_t[wc_len];
   while (*ptr && wc_len > 0) {
-    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, wc_len); // BAD
+    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, wc_len); // $ Alert // BAD
     if (ret <0)
       if (checkErrors()) {
         ++ptr;
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ static void badTest7(const char* ptr,int wc_len)
   len = wc_len;
   wchar_t *wc = new wchar_t[wc_len];
   while (*ptr && wc_len > 0) {
-    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, len); // BAD
+    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, len); // $ Alert // BAD
     if (ret <0)
         break;
     if (ret == 0 || ret > len)
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ static void badTest8(const char* ptr,wchar_t *wc)
   int len;
   len = strlen(ptr);
   while (*ptr && len > 0) {
-    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, len); // BAD
+    ret = mbtowc(wc, ptr, len); // $ Alert // BAD
     if (ret <0)
       break;
     if (ret == 0 || ret > len)

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-125/semmle/tests/test1.cpp

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ void* calloc (size_t num, size_t size);
 void* malloc (size_t size);
 
 static void badTest1(void *src,  int size) {
-    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCWSTR)src, -1, (LPSTR)src, size, 0, 0); // BAD
-    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCSTR)src, -1, (LPCWSTR)src, 30); // BAD
+    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCWSTR)src, -1, (LPSTR)src, size, 0, 0); // $ Alert // BAD
+    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCSTR)src, -1, (LPCWSTR)src, 30); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 void goodTest2(){
   wchar_t src[] = L"0123456789ABCDEF";
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ void goodTest2(){
 static void badTest2(){
   wchar_t src[] = L"0123456789ABCDEF";
   char dst[16];
-  WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, dst, 16, NULL, NULL); // BAD
+  WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, dst, 16, NULL, NULL); // $ Alert // BAD
   printf("%s\n", dst);
 }
 static void goodTest3(){
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ static void badTest3(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
   int size = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src,sizeof(src),NULL,0);
   wchar_t * dst = (wchar_t*)calloc(size + 1, 1);
-  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, dst, size+1); // BAD
+  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, dst, size+1); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static void goodTest4(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ static void badTest4(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
   int size = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src,sizeof(src),NULL,0);
   wchar_t * dst = (wchar_t*)malloc(size + 1);
-  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, dst, size+1); // BAD
+  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, src, -1, dst, size+1); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static int goodTest5(void *src){
   return WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCWSTR)src, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0); // GOOD
 }
 static int badTest5 (void *src) {
-  return WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCWSTR)src, -1, 0, 3, 0, 0);  // BAD
+  return WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, (LPCWSTR)src, -1, 0, 3, 0, 0);  // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static void goodTest6(WCHAR *src)
 {
@@ -90,6 +90,6 @@ static void goodTest6(WCHAR *src)
 static void badTest6(WCHAR *src)
 {
     char dst[5] ="";
-    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, src, -1, dst, 260, 0, 0); // BAD
+    WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, src, -1, dst, 260, 0, 0); // $ Alert // BAD
     printf("%s\n", dst);
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-125/semmle/tests/test2.cpp

@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ size_t mbsrtowcs(wchar_t *wcstr,const char *mbstr,size_t count, mbstate_t *mbsta
 
 
 static void badTest1(void *src,  int size) {
-    mbstowcs((wchar_t*)src,(char*)src,size); // BAD
+    mbstowcs((wchar_t*)src,(char*)src,size); // $ Alert // BAD
     _locale_t locale;
-    _mbstowcs_l((wchar_t*)src,(char*)src,size,locale); // BAD
+    _mbstowcs_l((wchar_t*)src,(char*)src,size,locale); // $ Alert // BAD
     mbstate_t *mbstate;
-    mbsrtowcs((wchar_t*)src,(char*)src,size,mbstate); // BAD
+    mbsrtowcs((wchar_t*)src,(char*)src,size,mbstate); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static void goodTest2(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ static void goodTest2(){
 static void badTest2(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
   wchar_t dst[16];
-  mbstowcs(dst, src,16); // BAD
+  mbstowcs(dst, src,16); // $ Alert // BAD
   printf("%s\n", dst);
 }
 static void goodTest3(){
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static void badTest3(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
   int size = mbstowcs(NULL, src,NULL);
   wchar_t * dst = (wchar_t*)calloc(size + 1, 1);
-  mbstowcs(dst, src,size+1); // BAD
+  mbstowcs(dst, src,size+1); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static void goodTest4(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
@@ -57,13 +57,13 @@ static void badTest4(){
   char src[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
   int size = mbstowcs(NULL, src,NULL);
   wchar_t * dst = (wchar_t*)malloc(size + 1);
-  mbstowcs(dst, src,size+1); // BAD
+  mbstowcs(dst, src,size+1); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static int goodTest5(void *src){
   return mbstowcs(NULL, (char*)src,NULL); // GOOD
 }
 static int badTest5 (void *src) {
-  return mbstowcs(NULL, (char*)src,3); // BAD
+  return mbstowcs(NULL, (char*)src,3); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 static void goodTest6(void *src){
   wchar_t dst[5];
@@ -77,6 +77,6 @@ static void goodTest6(void *src){
 }
 static void badTest6(void *src){
   wchar_t dst[5];
-  mbstowcs(dst, (char*)src,260); // BAD
+  mbstowcs(dst, (char*)src,260); // $ Alert // BAD
   printf("%s\n", dst);
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-125/semmle/tests/test3.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ static size_t badTest1(unsigned char *src){
   int cb = 0;
   unsigned char dst[50];
   while( cb < sizeof(dst) )
-    dst[cb++]=*src++; // BAD
+    dst[cb++]=*src++; // $ Alert // BAD
   return _mbclen(dst);
 }
 static void goodTest2(unsigned char *src){
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ static void badTest2(unsigned char *src){
   unsigned char dst[50];
   while( cb < sizeof(dst) )
   {
-    _mbccpy(dst+cb,src); // BAD
+    _mbccpy(dst+cb,src); // $ Alert // BAD
     cb+=_mbclen(src);
     src=_mbsinc(src);
   }
@@ -44,5 +44,5 @@ static void goodTest3(){
 }
 static void badTest3(){
   wchar_t name[50];
-  name[sizeof(name) - 1] = L'\0'; // BAD
+  name[sizeof(name) - 1] = L'\0'; // $ Alert // BAD
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/AllocMultiplicationOverflow/AllocMultiplicationOverflow.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-190/AllocMultiplicationOverflow.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-190/AllocMultiplicationOverflow.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/AllocMultiplicationOverflow/test.cpp

@@ -10,31 +10,31 @@ void test()
 	int y = getAnInt();
 
 	char *buffer1 = (char *)malloc(x + y); // GOOD
-	char *buffer2 = (char *)malloc(x * y); // BAD
+	char *buffer2 = (char *)malloc(x * y); // $ Alert // BAD
 	int *buffer3 = (int *)malloc(x * sizeof(int)); // GOOD
-	int *buffer4 = (int *)malloc(x * y * sizeof(int)); // BAD
+	int *buffer4 = (int *)malloc(x * y * sizeof(int)); // $ Alert // BAD
 
 	if ((x <= 1000) && (y <= 1000))
 	{
-		char *buffer5 = (char *)malloc(x * y); // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]
+		char *buffer5 = (char *)malloc(x * y); // $ SPURIOUS: Alert // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]
 	}
 
-	size_t size1 = x * y;
-	char *buffer5 = (char *)malloc(size1); // BAD
+	size_t size1 = x * y; // $ Source
+	char *buffer5 = (char *)malloc(size1); // $ Alert // BAD
 
 	size_t size2 = x;
 	size2 *= y;
-	char *buffer6 = (char *)malloc(size2); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+	char *buffer6 = (char *)malloc(size2); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
 
 	char *buffer7 = new char[x * 10]; // GOOD
-	char *buffer8 = new char[x * y]; // BAD
-	char *buffer9 = new char[x * x]; // BAD
+	char *buffer8 = new char[x * y]; // $ Alert // BAD
+	char *buffer9 = new char[x * x]; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 
 // --- custom allocators ---
- 
-void *MyMalloc1(size_t size) { return malloc(size); } // [additional detection here]
+
+void *MyMalloc1(size_t size) { return malloc(size); } // $ Alert // [additional detection here]
 void *MyMalloc2(size_t size);
 
 void customAllocatorTests()
@@ -42,6 +42,6 @@ void customAllocatorTests()
 	int x = getAnInt();
 	int y = getAnInt();
 
-	char *buffer1 = (char *)MyMalloc1(x * y); // BAD
-	char *buffer2 = (char *)MyMalloc2(x * y); // BAD
+	char *buffer1 = (char *)MyMalloc1(x * y); // $ Alert Source // BAD
+	char *buffer2 = (char *)MyMalloc2(x * y); // $ Alert // BAD
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/DangerousUseOfTransformationAfterOperation/DangerousUseOfTransformationAfterOperation.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-190/DangerousUseOfTransformationAfterOperation.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-190/DangerousUseOfTransformationAfterOperation.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/DangerousUseOfTransformationAfterOperation/test.cpp

@@ -6,17 +6,17 @@ void functionWork(char aA[10],unsigned int aUI) {
   int aI;
 
   aI = (aUI*8)/10; // GOOD
-  aI = aUI*8; // BAD
+  aI = aUI*8; // $ Alert // BAD
   aP = aA+aI;
   aI = (int)aUI*8; // GOOD
-  
-  aL = (unsigned long)(aI*aI); // BAD
+
+  aL = (unsigned long)(aI*aI); // $ Alert // BAD
   aL = ((unsigned long)aI*aI); // GOOD
-  
-  testCall((unsigned long)(aI*aI)); // BAD
+
+  testCall((unsigned long)(aI*aI)); // $ Alert // BAD
   testCall(((unsigned long)aI*aI)); // GOOD
-  
-  if((unsigned long)(aI*aI) > aL) // BAD
+
+  if((unsigned long)(aI*aI) > aL) // $ Alert // BAD
     return;
   if(((unsigned long)aI*aI) > aL) // GOOD
     return;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/IfStatementAdditionOverflow/IfStatementAdditionOverflow.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-190/IfStatementAdditionOverflow.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-190/IfStatementAdditionOverflow.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/IfStatementAdditionOverflow/test.cpp

@@ -15,49 +15,49 @@ void test()
 	unsigned short b1 = getAnUnsignedShort();
 	unsigned short c1 = getAnUnsignedShort();
 
-	if (a+b>c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (a+b>c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (b+a>c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (b+a>c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c>a+b) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c>a+b) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c>b+a) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c>b+a) { a = c-b; } // BAD
+	if (a+b>c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (a+b>c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a>c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a>c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>a+b) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>a+b) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>b+a) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>b+a) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
 
-	if (a+b>=c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (a+b>=c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (b+a>=c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (b+a>=c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c>=a+b) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c>=a+b) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c>=b+a) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c>=b+a) { a = c-b; } // BAD
+	if (a+b>=c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (a+b>=c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a>=c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a>=c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>=a+b) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>=a+b) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>=b+a) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c>=b+a) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
 
-	if (a+b<c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (a+b<c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (b+a<c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (b+a<c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c<a+b) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c<a+b) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c<b+a) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c<b+a) { a = c-b; } // BAD
+	if (a+b<c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (a+b<c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a<c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a<c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<a+b) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<a+b) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<b+a) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<b+a) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
 
-	if (a+b<=c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (a+b<=c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (b+a<=c) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (b+a<=c) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c<=a+b) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c<=a+b) { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (c<=b+a) a = c-b; // BAD
-	if (c<=b+a) { a = c-b; } // BAD
+	if (a+b<=c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (a+b<=c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a<=c) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (b+a<=c) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<=a+b) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<=a+b) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<=b+a) a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (c<=b+a) { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
 
-	if (a+b>d) a = d-b; // BAD
+	if (a+b>d) a = d-b; // $ Alert // BAD
 	if (a+(double)b>c) a = c-b; // GOOD
 	if (a+(-x)>c) a = c-(-y); // GOOD
 	if (a+b>c) { b++; a = c-b; } // GOOD
 	if (a+d>c) a = c-d; // GOOD
 	if (a1+b1>c1) a1 = c1-b1; // GOOD
-	
-	if (a+b<=c) { /* ... */ } else { a = c-b; } // BAD
-	if (a+b<=c) { return; } a = c-b; // BAD
+
+	if (a+b<=c) { /* ... */ } else { a = c-b; } // $ Alert // BAD
+	if (a+b<=c) { return; } a = c-b; // $ Alert // BAD
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-193/array-access/ArrayAccessProductFlow.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Likely Bugs/ArrayAccessProductFlow.ql
+query: experimental/Likely Bugs/ArrayAccessProductFlow.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-193/array-access/test.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 char *malloc(int size);
 
 void test1(int size) {
-    char *arr = malloc(size);
+    char *arr = malloc(size); // $ Source
     for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
         arr[i] = 0; // GOOD
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
-        arr[i] = i; // BAD
+        arr[i] = i; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ typedef struct {
 
 array_t mk_array(int size) {
     array_t arr;
-    arr.p = malloc(size);
+    arr.p = malloc(size); // $ Source
     arr.size = size;
 
     return arr;
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void test2(int size) {
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i <= arr.size; i++) {
-        arr.p[i] = i; // BAD
+        arr.p[i] = i; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ void test3_callee(array_t arr) {
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i <= arr.size; i++) {
-        arr.p[i] = i; // BAD
+        arr.p[i] = i; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ void test3(int size) {
 
 void test4(int size) {
     array_t arr;
-    arr.p = malloc(size);
+    arr.p = malloc(size); // $ Source
     arr.size = size;
 
     for (int i = 0; i < arr.size; i++) {
@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ void test4(int size) {
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i <= arr.size; i++) {
-        arr.p[i] = i; // BAD
+        arr.p[i] = i; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
 array_t *mk_array_p(int size) {
     array_t *arr = (array_t*) malloc(sizeof(array_t));
-    arr->p = malloc(size);
+    arr->p = malloc(size); // $ Source
     arr->size = size;
 
     return arr;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ void test5(int size) {
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i <= arr->size; i++) {
-        arr->p[i] = i; // BAD
+        arr->p[i] = i; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void test6_callee(array_t *arr) {
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; i <= arr->size; i++) {
-        arr->p[i] = i; // BAD
+        arr->p[i] = i; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
@@ -105,6 +105,6 @@ void test7(int size) {
     }
 
     for (char *p = arr; p <= arr + size; p++) {
-        *p = 0; // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+        *p = 0; // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
     }
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-193/constant-size/ConstantSizeArrayOffByOne.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-193/ConstantSizeArrayOffByOne.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-193/ConstantSizeArrayOffByOne.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-193/constant-size/test.cpp

@@ -32,60 +32,60 @@ void testOneArray(OneArray *arr) {
 
 void testBig(BigArray *arr) {
     arr->buf[MAX_SIZE-1] = 0; // GOOD
-    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE] = 0;   // BAD
-    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE+1] = 0; // BAD
+    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE] = 0;   // $ Alert // BAD
+    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE+1] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD
 
     for(int i = 0; i < MAX_SIZE; i++) {
         arr->buf[i] = 0; // GOOD
     }
-    
+
     for(int i = 0; i <= MAX_SIZE; i++) {
-        arr->buf[i] = 0; // BAD
+        arr->buf[i] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
 void testFields(ArrayAndFields *arr) {
     arr->buf[MAX_SIZE-1] = 0; // GOOD
-    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE] = 0;   // BAD?
-    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE+1] = 0; // BAD?
+    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE] = 0;   // $ Alert // BAD?
+    arr->buf[MAX_SIZE+1] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD?
 
     for(int i = 0; i < MAX_SIZE; i++) {
         arr->buf[i] = 0; // GOOD
     }
-    
+
     for(int i = 0; i <= MAX_SIZE; i++) {
-        arr->buf[i] = 0; // BAD?
+        arr->buf[i] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD?
     }
 
     for(int i = 0; i < MAX_SIZE+2; i++) {
-        arr->buf[i] = 0; // BAD?
+        arr->buf[i] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD?
     }
     // is this different if it's a memcpy?
 }
 
-void assignThroughPointer(int *p) {
+void assignThroughPointer(int *p) { // $ Sink
     *p = 0; // ??? should the result go at a flow source?
 }
 
 void addToPointerAndAssign(int *p) {
     p[MAX_SIZE-1] = 0; // GOOD
-    p[MAX_SIZE] = 0; // BAD
+    p[MAX_SIZE] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 void testInterproc(BigArray *arr) {
     assignThroughPointer(&arr->buf[MAX_SIZE-1]); // GOOD
-    assignThroughPointer(&arr->buf[MAX_SIZE]); // BAD
+    assignThroughPointer(&arr->buf[MAX_SIZE]); // $ Alert // BAD
 
-    addToPointerAndAssign(arr->buf);
+    addToPointerAndAssign(arr->buf); // $ Source
 }
 
 #define MAX_SIZE_BYTES 4096
 
 void testCharIndex(BigArray *arr) {
-    char *charBuf = (char*) arr->buf;
+    char *charBuf = (char*) arr->buf; // $ Source
 
     charBuf[MAX_SIZE_BYTES - 1] = 0; // GOOD
-    charBuf[MAX_SIZE_BYTES] = 0; // BAD
+    charBuf[MAX_SIZE_BYTES] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 void testEqRefinement() {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ void testStackAllocated() {
     char *arr[MAX_SIZE];
 
     for(int i = 0; i <= MAX_SIZE; i++) {
-        arr[i] = 0; // BAD
+        arr[i] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD
     }
 }
 
@@ -133,18 +133,18 @@ int strncmp(const char*, const char*, int);
 
 char testStrncmp2(char *arr) {
     if(strncmp(arr, "<test>", 6) == 0) {
-        arr += 6;
+        arr += 6; // $ Alert
     }
-    return *arr; // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]
+    return *arr; // $ SPURIOUS: Sink // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]
 }
 
 void testStrncmp1() {
     char asdf[5];
-    testStrncmp2(asdf);
+    testStrncmp2(asdf); // $ Source
 }
 
 void countdownBuf1(int **p) {
-  *--(*p) = 1; // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]
+  *--(*p) = 1; // $ SPURIOUS: Sink // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]
   *--(*p) = 2; // GOOD
   *--(*p) = 3; // GOOD
   *--(*p) = 4; // GOOD
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ void countdownBuf1(int **p) {
 void countdownBuf2() {
   int buf[4];
 
-  int *x = buf + 4;
+  int *x = buf + 4; // $ Alert
 
   countdownBuf1(&x);
 }
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ int countdownLength1(int *p, int len) {
 }
 
 int callCountdownLength() {
-    
+
     int buf[6];
 
     return countdownLength1(buf, 6);
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ int countdownLength2() {
     int buf[6];
     int len = 6;
     int *p = buf;
-    
+
     if(len % 8) {
         return -1;
     }
@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@ int countdownLength2() {
 
 void pointer_size_larger_than_array_element_size() {
     unsigned char buffer[100]; // getByteSize() = 100
-    int *ptr = (int *)buffer; // pai.getElementSize() will be sizeof(int) = 4 -> size = 25
+    int *ptr = (int *)buffer; // $ Source // pai.getElementSize() will be sizeof(int) = 4 -> size = 25
 
     ptr[24] = 0; // GOOD: writes bytes 96, 97, 98, 99
-    ptr[25] = 0; // BAD: writes bytes 100, 101, 102, 103
+    ptr[25] = 0; // $ Alert // BAD: writes bytes 100, 101, 102, 103
 }
 
 struct vec2 { int x, y; };
@@ -226,10 +226,10 @@ struct vec3 { int x, y, z; };
 
 void pointer_size_smaller_than_array_element_size_but_does_not_divide_it() {
     vec3 array[3]; // getByteSize() = 9 * sizeof(int)
-    vec2 *ptr = (vec2 *)array; // pai.getElementSize() will be 2 * sizeof(int) -> size = 4
+    vec2 *ptr = (vec2 *)array; // $ Source // pai.getElementSize() will be 2 * sizeof(int) -> size = 4
 
     ptr[3] = vec2{}; // GOOD: writes ints 6, 7
-    ptr[4] = vec2{}; // BAD: writes ints 8, 9
+    ptr[4] = vec2{}; // $ Alert // BAD: writes ints 8, 9
 }
 
 void pointer_size_larger_than_array_element_size_and_does_not_divide_it() {
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ void call_use(unsigned char* p, int n) {
     if(n == 3) {
         unsigned char x = p[0];
         unsigned char y = p[1];
-        unsigned char z = p[2]; // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]: `call_use(buffer2, 2)` won't reach this point.
+        unsigned char z = p[2]; // $ SPURIOUS: Alert // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE]: `call_use(buffer2, 2)` won't reach this point.
         use(x, y, z);
     }
 }
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ void test_call_use2() {
     call_call_use(buffer1,1);
 
     unsigned char buffer2[2];
-    call_call_use(buffer2,2);
+    call_call_use(buffer2,2); // $ Source
 
     unsigned char buffer3[3];
     call_call_use(buffer3,3);
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ int guardingCallee(int *arr, int size) {
 
     int sum;
     for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-        sum += arr[i]; // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE] - guarded by size
+        sum += arr[i]; // $ SPURIOUS: Alert // GOOD [FALSE POSITIVE] - guarded by size
     }
     return sum;
 }
@@ -304,9 +304,9 @@ int guardingCallee(int *arr, int size) {
 int guardingCaller() {
     int arr1[MAX_SIZE];
     guardingCallee(arr1, MAX_SIZE);
-    
+
     int arr2[10];
-    guardingCallee(arr2, 10);
+    guardingCallee(arr2, 10); // $ Source
 }
 
 // simplified md5 padding
@@ -319,10 +319,10 @@ void correlatedCondition(int num) {
             end = temp + 56;
         }
         else if (num < 64) {
-            end = temp + 64; // GOOD [FALSE POSITVE]
+            end = temp + 64; // $ SPURIOUS: Alert // GOOD [FALSE POSITVE]
         }
         char *temp2 = temp + num;
-        while(temp2 != end) {
+        while(temp2 != end) { // $ Sink
             *temp2 = 0;
             temp2++;
         }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-200/test1/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-200/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-200/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-200/test1/test.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
   //umask(0022);
   FILE *fp;
-  fp = fopen("myFile.txt","w"); // BAD
+  fp = fopen("myFile.txt","w"); // $ Alert // BAD
   //chmod("myFile.txt",0644);
   fprintf(fp,"%s\n","data to file");
   fclose(fp);

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-200/test2/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-200/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-200/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-200/test3/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-200/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-200/ExposureSensitiveInformationUnauthorizedActor.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-200/test3/test.cpp

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
   FILE *fp;
   char buf[128];
-  fp = fopen("myFile.txt","r+"); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
-  fgets(buf,128,fp); 
+  fp = fopen("myFile.txt","r+"); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+  fgets(buf,128,fp);
   fprintf(fp,"%s\n","data to file");
   fclose(fp);
   return 0;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-243/semmle/tests/IncorrectChangingWorkingDirectory.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-243/IncorrectChangingWorkingDirectory.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-243/IncorrectChangingWorkingDirectory.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-243/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ int chdir(char *path);
 void exit(int status);
 
 int funTest1(){
-  if (chroot("/myFold/myTmp") == -1) {  // BAD
+  if (chroot("/myFold/myTmp") == -1) {  // $ Alert // BAD
     exit(-1);
   }
   return 0;
 }
 
-int funTest2(){  
+int funTest2(){
   if (chdir("/myFold/myTmp") == -1) { // GOOD
     exit(-1);
   }
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ int funTest2(){
   return 0;
 }
 
-int funTest3(){  
-  chdir("/myFold/myTmp"); // BAD
+int funTest3(){
+  chdir("/myFold/myTmp"); // $ Alert // BAD
   return 0;
 }
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-266/semmle/tests/IncorrectPrivilegeAssignment.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-266/IncorrectPrivilegeAssignment.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-266/IncorrectPrivilegeAssignment.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-266/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ int fclose(FILE *stream);
 
 void funcTest1()
 {
-  umask(0666); // BAD
+  umask(0666); // $ Alert // BAD
   FILE *fe;
   fe = fopen("myFile.txt", "wt");
   fclose(fe);
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void funcTest2(int mode)
   FILE *fe;
   fe = fopen("myFile.txt", "wt");
   fclose(fe);
-  chmod("myFile.txt",0555-mode); // BAD
+  chmod("myFile.txt",0555-mode); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 void funcTest2g(int mode)

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-285/PamAuthorization.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-285/PamAuthorization.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-285/PamAuthorization.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-285/test.cpp

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ bool PamAuthBad(const std::string &username_in,
         return false;
     }
 
-    err = pam_authenticate(pamh, 0);
+    err = pam_authenticate(pamh, 0); // $ Alert
     if (err != PAM_SUCCESS)
         return err;
 

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-295/CurlSSL.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace std{
 		CURLOPT_URL,
 		CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,
 		CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER
-	}; 
+	};
 
 	CURL *curl_easy_init();
 	void curl_easy_cleanup(CURL *handle);
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ char host[] = "codeql.com";
 
 void bad(void) {
 	std::unique_ptr<CURL> curl = std::unique_ptr<CURL>(curl_easy_init());
-	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
-	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); 
+	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0); // $ Alert
+	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0); // $ Alert
   	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_URL, host);
   	curl_easy_perform(curl.get());
 }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ void bad(void) {
 void good(void) {
 	std::unique_ptr<CURL> curl = std::unique_ptr<CURL>(curl_easy_init());
 	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 2);
-	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2); 
+	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2);
   	curl_easy_setopt(curl.get(), CURLOPT_URL, host);
   	curl_easy_perform(curl.get());
 }
@@ -40,4 +40,3 @@ int main(int c, char** argv){
 	bad();
   	good();
 }
-

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-295/CurlSSL.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-295/CurlSSL.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-295/CurlSSL.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-359/semmle/tests/PrivateCleartextWrite.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-359/PrivateCleartextWrite.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-359/PrivateCleartextWrite.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-359/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ void file()
   FILE *file;
 
   // BAD: write zipcode to file in cleartext
-  fputs(theZipcode, file);
+  fputs(theZipcode, file); // $ Alert
 
   // GOOD: encrypt first
   char *encrypted = encrypt(theZipcode);
@@ -71,15 +71,15 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
   char *buff4;
 
   // BAD: write medical to buffer in cleartext
-  sprintf(buff1, "%s", medical);
+  sprintf(buff1, "%s", medical); // $ Alert Source
 
   // BAD: write medical to buffer in cleartext
-  char *temp = medical;
-  sprintf(buff2, "%s", temp);
+  char *temp = medical; // $ Source
+  sprintf(buff2, "%s", temp); // $ Alert
 
   // BAD: write medical to buffer in cleartext
-  char *buff5 = func(medical);
-  sprintf(buff3, "%s", buff5);
+  char *buff5 = func(medical); // $ Source
+  sprintf(buff3, "%s", buff5); // $ Alert
 
   char *buff6 = encrypt(medical);
   // GOOD: encrypt first
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ void stream()
   ofstream mystream;
 
   // BAD: write zipcode to file in cleartext
-  mystream << "the zipcode is: " << theZipcode;
+  mystream << "the zipcode is: " << theZipcode; // $ Alert Source
 
   // BAD: write zipcode to file in cleartext
-  (mystream << "the zipcode is: ").write(theZipcode, strlen(theZipcode));
+  (mystream << "the zipcode is: ").write(theZipcode, strlen(theZipcode)); // $ Alert
 
   // GOOD: encrypt first
   char *encrypted = encrypt(theZipcode);

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-369/semmle/tests/DivideByZeroUsingReturnValue.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-369/DivideByZeroUsingReturnValue.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-369/DivideByZeroUsingReturnValue.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-369/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ int getSize2(int type) {
 
 int badTestf1(int type, int met) {
   int is = getSize(type);
-  if (met == 1) return 123 / is; // BAD
-  else return 123 / getSize2(type); // BAD
+  if (met == 1) return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
+  else return 123 / getSize2(type); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 int badTestf2(int type) {
   int is;
   is = getSize(type);
-  return 123 / is; // BAD
+  return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 int badTestf3(int type, int met) {
@@ -58,31 +58,31 @@ int badTestf3(int type, int met) {
   is = getSize(type);
   switch (met) {
   case 1:
-    if (is >= 0) return 123 / is; // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+    if (is >= 0) return 123 / is; // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
   case 2:
-    if (0 == is) return 123 / is; // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+    if (0 == is) return 123 / is; // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
   case 3:
-    if (!is & 123 / is) // BAD
+    if (!is & 123 / is) // $ Alert // BAD
       return 123;
   case 4:
-    if (!is | 123 / is) // BAD
+    if (!is | 123 / is) // $ Alert // BAD
       return 123;
   case 5:
-    if (123 / is || !is) // BAD 
+    if (123 / is || !is) // $ Alert // BAD
       return 123;
   case 6:
-    if (123 / is && !is) // BAD
+    if (123 / is && !is) // $ Alert // BAD
       return 123;
   case 7:
-    if (!is) return 123 / is; // BAD
+    if (!is) return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
   case 8:
-    if (is > -1) return 123 / is; // BAD
+    if (is > -1) return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
   case 9:
-    if (is < 2) return 123 / is; // BAD
+    if (is < 2) return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
   }
   if (is != 0) return -1;
   if (is == 0) type += 1;
-  return 123 / is; // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+  return 123 / is; // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
 }
 
 int goodTestf3(int type, int met) {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ int goodTestf3(int type, int met) {
   case 1:
     if (is < 0) return 123 / is; // GOOD
   case 2:
-    if (!is && 123 / is) // GOOD 
+    if (!is && 123 / is) // GOOD
       return 123;
   case 3:
     if (!is || 123 / is) // GOOD
@@ -112,10 +112,10 @@ int goodTestf3a(int type, int met) {
     if (is < 0)
       return 123 / is; // GOOD
   case 2:
-    if (!is && 123 / is) // GOOD 
+    if (!is && 123 / is) // GOOD
       return 123;
   case 3:
-    if (!is || 123 / is) // GOOD 
+    if (!is || 123 / is) // GOOD
       return 123;
   }
   return 1;
@@ -125,20 +125,20 @@ int badTestf4(int type) {
   int is = getSize(type);
   int d;
   d = type * is;
-  return 123 / d; // BAD
+  return 123 / d; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 int badTestf5(int type) {
   int is = getSize(type);
   int d;
   d = is / type;
-  return 123 / d; // BAD
+  return 123 / d; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 int badTestf6(int type) {
   int is = getSize(type);
   int d;
   d = is / type;
-  return type * 123 / d; // BAD
+  return type * 123 / d; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 int badTestf7(int type, int met) {
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ int badTestf7(int type, int met) {
       return 123 / is; // GOOD
   }
   quit:
-    return 123 / is; // BAD
+    return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 int goodTestf7(int type, int met) {
@@ -169,8 +169,8 @@ int goodTestf7(int type, int met) {
 
 int badTestf8(int type) {
   int is = getSize(type);
-  type /= is; // BAD
-  type %= is; // BAD
+  type /= is; // $ Alert // BAD
+  type %= is; // $ Alert // BAD
   return type;
 }
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ float getSizeFloat(float type) {
 }
 float badTestf9(float type) {
   float is = getSizeFloat(type);
-  return 123 / is; // BAD
+  return 123 / is; // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 float goodTestf9(float type) {
   float is = getSizeFloat(type);
@@ -196,18 +196,18 @@ int badTestf10(int type) {
   int out = type;
   int is = getSize(type);
   if (is > -2) {
-    out /= 123 / (is + 1); // BAD
+    out /= 123 / (is + 1); // $ Alert // BAD
   }
   if (is > 0) {
-    return 123 / (is - 1); // BAD
+    return 123 / (is - 1); // $ Alert // BAD
   }
   if (is <= 0) return 0;
-  return 123 / (is - 1); // BAD
+  return 123 / (is - 1); // $ Alert // BAD
   return 0;
 }
 int badTestf11(int type) {
   int is = getSize(type);
-  return 123 / (is - 3); // BAD
+  return 123 / (is - 3); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 int goodTestf11(int type) {
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ int badTestf12(FILE * f) {
   int a;
   int ret = -1;
   a = getc(f);
-  if (a == 0) ret = 123 / a; // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+  if (a == 0) ret = 123 / a; // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
   return ret;
 }
 
@@ -255,14 +255,14 @@ int badMySubDiv(int type, int is) {
 
 void badTestf13(int type) {
   int is = getSize(type);
-  badMyDiv(type, is); // BAD
-  badMyDiv(type, is - 2); // BAD
-  badMySubDiv(type, is); // BAD
+  badMyDiv(type, is); // $ Alert // BAD
+  badMyDiv(type, is - 2); // $ Alert // BAD
+  badMySubDiv(type, is); // $ Alert // BAD
   goodMyDiv(type, is); // GOOD
   if (is < 5)
-    badMySubDiv(type, is); // BAD
+    badMySubDiv(type, is); // $ Alert // BAD
   if (is < 0)
-    badMySubDiv(type, is); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+    badMySubDiv(type, is); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
   if (is > 5)
     badMySubDiv(type, is); // GOOD
   if (is == 0)
@@ -270,9 +270,9 @@ void badTestf13(int type) {
   if (is > 0)
     badMyDiv(type, is); // GOOD
   if (is < 5)
-    badMyDiv(type, is - 3); // BAD
+    badMyDiv(type, is - 3); // $ Alert // BAD
   if (is < 0)
-    badMyDiv(type, is + 1); // BAD
+    badMyDiv(type, is + 1); // $ Alert // BAD
   if (is > 5)
     badMyDiv(type, is - 3); // GOOD
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-377/semmle/tests/InsecureTemporaryFile.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-377/InsecureTemporaryFile.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-377/InsecureTemporaryFile.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-377/semmle/tests/test.cpp

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ int fclose(FILE *stream);
 int funcTest1()
 {
   FILE *fp;
-  char *filename = tmpnam(NULL); // BAD
+  char *filename = tmpnam(NULL); // $ Alert // BAD
   fp = fopen(filename,"w");
   fprintf(fp,"%s\n","data to file");
   fclose(fp);
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ int funcTest3()
   FILE *fp;
   char filename[80];
   strcat(filename, "/tmp/tmp.name");
-  fp = fopen(filename,"w"); // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
+  fp = fopen(filename,"w"); // $ MISSING: Alert // BAD [NOT DETECTED]
   fprintf(fp,"%s\n","data to file");
   fclose(fp);
   return 0;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-401/semmle/tests/MemoryLeakOnFailedCallToRealloc.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-401/MemoryLeakOnFailedCallToRealloc.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-401/MemoryLeakOnFailedCallToRealloc.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-401/semmle/tests/test.c

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ unsigned char * badResize_0(unsigned char * buffer,size_t currentSize,size_t new
 	// BAD: on unsuccessful call to realloc, we will lose a pointer to a valid memory block
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 	}
 	return buffer;
 }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ unsigned char * badResize_1_0(unsigned char * buffer,size_t currentSize,size_t n
 	// BAD: on unsuccessful call to realloc, we will lose a pointer to a valid memory block
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 	}
 	return buffer;
 }
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ unsigned char * badResize_1_1(unsigned char * buffer,size_t currentSize,size_t n
 	// BAD: on unsuccessful call to realloc, we will lose a pointer to a valid memory block
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 	}
 	if(!buffer)
 		aFakeFailed_1(1, 1);
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ unsigned char * badResize_2_0(unsigned char * buffer,size_t currentSize,size_t n
 	assert(buffer!=0);
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 	}
 	return buffer;
 }
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ unsigned char *goodResize_3_1(unsigned char *buffer, size_t currentSize, size_t
 	unsigned char *tmp = buffer;
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 		if (buffer == NULL)
 		{
 			free(tmp);
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ unsigned char *goodResize_3_2(unsigned char *buffer, size_t currentSize, size_t
 	unsigned char *tmp = buffer;
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		tmp = (unsigned char *)realloc(tmp, newSize);
+		tmp = (unsigned char *)realloc(tmp, newSize); // $ Alert
 		if (tmp != 0)
 		{
 			buffer = tmp;
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ unsigned char * badResize_5_2(unsigned char *buffer, size_t currentSize, size_t
 	// BAD: on unsuccessful call to realloc, we will lose a pointer to a valid memory block
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 	}
 	if (cond)
 	{
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ unsigned char * badResize_5_1(unsigned char *buffer, size_t currentSize, size_t
 	// BAD: on unsuccessful call to realloc, we will lose a pointer to a valid memory block
 	if (currentSize < newSize)
 	{
-		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize);
+		buffer = (unsigned char *)realloc(buffer, newSize); // $ Alert
 		assert(cond); // irrelevant
 	}
 	return buffer;

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/DecompressionBombs.qlref

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs.ql
+query: experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs.ql
+postprocess: utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/brotliTest.cpp

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ BrotliDecoderResult BrotliDecoderDecompressStream(
 void brotli_test(int argc, const char **argv) {
     uint8_t output[1024];
     size_t output_size = sizeof(output);
-    BrotliDecoderDecompress(1024, (uint8_t *) argv[2], &output_size, output); // BAD
+    BrotliDecoderDecompress(1024, (uint8_t *) argv[2], &output_size, output); // $ Alert // BAD
 
     size_t input_size = 1024;
     const uint8_t *input_p = (const uint8_t*)argv[2];
     uint8_t *output_p = output;
     size_t out_size;
-    BrotliDecoderDecompressStream(0, &input_size, &input_p, &output_size, // BAD
+    BrotliDecoderDecompressStream(0, &input_size, &input_p, &output_size, // $ Alert // BAD
                                   &output_p, &out_size);
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/libarchiveTests.cpp

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ static int read_data(archive *ar) {
         size_t size;
         la_int64_t offset;
 
-        int r = archive_read_data_block(ar, &buff, &size, &offset); // BAD
+        int r = archive_read_data_block(ar, &buff, &size, &offset); // $ Alert // BAD
         if (r == ARCHIVE_EOF)
             return ARCHIVE_OK;
         if (r < ARCHIVE_OK)

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/main.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ void minizip_test(int argc, const char **argv);
 void zlib_test(int argc, const char **argv);
 void zstd_test(int argc, const char **argv);
 
-int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
+int main(int argc, const char **argv) { // $ Source
     brotli_test(argc, argv);
     libarchive_test(argc, argv);
     minizip_test(argc, argv);

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/minizipTest.cpp

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ void minizip_test(int argc, const char **argv) {
     int32_t bytes_read;
     char buf[4096];
     while(true) {
-        bytes_read = mz_zip_entry_read(zip_handle, (char *) argv[1], sizeof(buf)); // BAD
+        bytes_read = mz_zip_entry_read(zip_handle, (char *) argv[1], sizeof(buf)); // $ Alert // BAD
         if (bytes_read <= 0) {
             break;
         }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ void minizip_test(int argc, const char **argv) {
     void *zip_reader = mz_zip_reader_create();
     mz_zip_reader_open_file(zip_reader, argv[1]);
     mz_zip_reader_goto_first_entry(zip_reader);
-    mz_zip_reader_entry_save(zip_reader, 0, 0); // BAD
+    mz_zip_reader_entry_save(zip_reader, 0, 0); // $ Alert // BAD
 
-    UnzOpen(argv[3]); // BAD
+    UnzOpen(argv[3]); // $ Alert // BAD
 }

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/zlibTest.cpp

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ void UnsafeInflate(char *input) {
     infstream.next_out = output; // output char array
 
     inflateInit(&infstream);
-    inflate(&infstream, 0); // BAD
+    inflate(&infstream, 0); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void UnsafeGzread(char *fileName) {
     gzFile inFileZ = gzopen(fileName, "rb");
     unsigned char unzipBuffer[8192];
     while (true) {
-        if (gzread(inFileZ, unzipBuffer, 8192) <= 0) { // BAD
+        if (gzread(inFileZ, unzipBuffer, 8192) <= 0) { // $ Alert // BAD
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void UnsafeGzfread(char *fileName) {
     gzFile inFileZ = gzopen(fileName, "rb");
     while (true) {
         char buffer[1000];
-        if (!gzfread(buffer, 999, 1, inFileZ)) { // BAD
+        if (!gzfread(buffer, 999, 1, inFileZ)) { // $ Alert // BAD
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ void UnsafeGzgets(char *fileName) {
     char *buffer = new char[4000000000];
     char *result;
     while (true) {
-        result = gzgets(inFileZ, buffer, 1000000000); // BAD
+        result = gzgets(inFileZ, buffer, 1000000000); // $ Alert // BAD
         if (result == nullptr) {
             break;
         }
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ void InflateString(char *input) {
     uLong source_length = 500;
     uLong destination_length = sizeof(output);
 
-    uncompress(output, &destination_length, (Bytef *) input, source_length); // BAD
+    uncompress(output, &destination_length, (Bytef *) input, source_length); // $ Alert // BAD
 }
 
 void zlib_test(int argc, char **argv) {

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-409/DecompressionBombs/zstdTest.cpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ void zstd_test(int argc, const char **argv) {
         ZSTD_inBuffer input = {buffIn, read, 0};
         while (input.pos < input.size) {
             ZSTD_outBuffer output = {buffOut, buffOutSize, 0};
-            size_t const ret = ZSTD_decompressStream(dctx, &output, &input); // BAD  
+            size_t const ret = ZSTD_decompressStream(dctx, &output, &input); // $ Alert // BAD
             CHECK_ZSTD(ret);
         }
     }