Merge branch 'main' into mathiasvp/replace-ast-with-ir-use-usedataflow

.github/actions/fetch-codeql/action.yml

@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
 name: Fetch CodeQL
 description: Fetches the latest version of CodeQL
+
+inputs:
+  channel:
+    description: 'The CodeQL channel to use'
+    required: false
+    default: 'nightly'
+
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
     - name: Fetch CodeQL
       shell: bash
-      run: |
-        gh extension install github/gh-codeql
-        gh codeql set-channel nightly
-        gh codeql version
-        gh codeql version --format=json | jq -r .unpackedLocation >> "${GITHUB_PATH}"
       env:
         GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        CHANNEL: ${{ inputs.channel }}
+      run: |
+        gh extension install github/gh-codeql
+        gh codeql set-channel "$CHANNEL"
+        gh codeql version
+        gh codeql version --format=json | jq -r .unpackedLocation >> "${GITHUB_PATH}"

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -51,3 +51,6 @@ documentation:
   - "java/ql/lib/semmle/code/java/dataflow/internal/tainttracking1/TaintTrackingImpl.qll"
   - "java/ql/lib/semmle/code/java/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImplConsistency.qll"
   - "java/ql/lib/semmle/code/java/dataflow/internal/FlowSummaryImpl.qll"
+
+"ATM":
+  - javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/**/*

.github/workflows/atm-check-query-suite.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+name: "ATM - Check query suite"
+
+env:
+  QUERY_PACK: javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/src
+  QUERY_SUITE: codeql-suites/javascript-atm-code-scanning.qls
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/atm-check-query-suite.yml"
+      - "javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  atm-check-query-suite:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Setup CodeQL
+        uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
+        with:
+          channel: release
+
+      - name: Install ATM model
+        run: |
+          set -exu
+
+          # Install dependencies of ATM query pack, i.e. the ATM model
+          codeql pack install "${QUERY_PACK}"
+
+          # Retrieve model checksum
+          model_checksum=$(codeql resolve extensions "${QUERY_PACK}/${QUERY_SUITE}" | jq -r '.models[0].checksum')
+
+          # Trust the model so that we can use it in the ATM boosted queries
+          mkdir -p "$HOME/.config/codeql"
+          echo "--insecurely-execute-ml-model-checksums ${model_checksum}" >> "$HOME/.config/codeql/config"
+
+      - name: Create test DB
+        run: |
+          DB_PATH="${RUNNER_TEMP}/db"
+          echo "DB_PATH=${DB_PATH}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+
+          codeql database create "${DB_PATH}" --source-root config/atm --language javascript 
+
+      - name: Run ATM query suite
+        run: |
+          SARIF_PATH="${RUNNER_TEMP}/sarif.json"
+          echo "SARIF_PATH=${SARIF_PATH}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+
+          codeql database analyze \
+            --format sarif-latest \
+            --output "${SARIF_PATH}" \
+            --sarif-group-rules-by-pack \
+            -vv \
+            -- \
+            "${DB_PATH}" \
+            "${QUERY_PACK}/${QUERY_SUITE}"
+
+      - name: Upload SARIF
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: javascript-ml-powered-queries.sarif
+          path: "${{ env.SARIF_PATH }}"
+          retention-days: 5
+
+      - name: Check results
+        run: |
+          # We should run at least the ML-powered queries in `expected_rules`.
+          expected_rules="js/ml-powered/nosql-injection js/ml-powered/path-injection js/ml-powered/sql-injection js/ml-powered/xss"
+
+          for rule in ${expected_rules}; do
+            found_rule=$(jq --arg rule "${rule}" '[.runs[0].tool.extensions[].rules | select(. != null) |
+              flatten | .[].id] | any(. == $rule)' "${SARIF_PATH}")
+            if [[ "${found_rule}" != "true" ]]; then
+              echo "Expected SARIF output to contain rule '${rule}', but found no such rule."
+              exit 1
+            else
+              echo "Found rule '${rule}'."
+            fi
+          done
+
+          # We should have at least one alert from an ML-powered query.
+          num_alerts=$(jq '[.runs[0].results[] |
+            select(.properties.score != null and (.rule.id | startswith("js/ml-powered/")))] | length' \
+            "${SARIF_PATH}")
+          if [[ "${num_alerts}" -eq 0 ]]; then
+            echo "Expected to find at least one alert from an ML-powered query but found ${num_alerts}."
+            exit 1
+          else
+            echo "Found ${num_alerts} alerts from ML-powered queries.";
+          fi

.github/workflows/atm-model-integration-tests.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-name: ATM Check Queries Run
+name: ATM Model Integration Tests
 
-# This check is required, therefore we must run it on all PRs, even if only Markdown has changed.
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
 

.github/workflows/compile-queries.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+name: "Compile all queries using the latest stable CodeQL CLI"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main] # makes sure the cache gets populated
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - "rc/*"
+
+jobs:
+  compile-queries:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest-xl
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      # calculate the merge-base with main, in a way that works both on PRs and pushes to main. 
+      - name: Calculate merge-base
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        env:
+          BASE_BRANCH: ${{ github.base_ref }}
+        run: |
+          MERGE_BASE=$(git merge-base --fork-point origin/$BASE_BRANCH)
+          echo "merge-base=$MERGE_BASE" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Calculate merge-base - branch
+        if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+        # using github.sha instead, since we're directly on a branch, and not in a PR
+        run: |
+          MERGE_BASE=${{ github.sha }}
+          echo "merge-base=$MERGE_BASE" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Cache CodeQL query compilation
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        with:
+          path: '*/ql/src/.cache'
+          # current GH HEAD first, merge-base second, generic third
+          key: codeql-stable-compile-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            codeql-stable-compile-${{ env.merge-base }}
+            codeql-stable-compile-
+      - name: Setup CodeQL
+        uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
+        with:
+          channel: 'release'
+      - name: check formatting
+        run: codeql query format */ql/{src,lib,test}/**/*.{qll,ql} --check-only
+      - name: compile queries - check-only
+        # run with --check-only if running in a PR (github.sha != main)
+        if : ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: codeql query compile -j0 */ql/src --keep-going --warnings=error --check-only
+      - name: compile queries - full
+        # do full compile if running on main - this populates the cache
+        if : ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: codeql query compile -j0 */ql/src --keep-going --warnings=error

.github/workflows/ruby-build.yml

@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build Query Pack
         run: |
           codeql pack create ../shared/ssa --output target/packs
+          codeql pack create ../misc/suite-helpers --output target/packs
           codeql pack create ql/lib --output target/packs
-          codeql pack install ql/src
           codeql pack create ql/src --output target/packs
           PACK_FOLDER=$(readlink -f target/packs/codeql/ruby-queries/*)
           codeql generate query-help --format=sarifv2.1.0 --output="${PACK_FOLDER}/rules.sarif" ql/src
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
           echo 'name: sample-tests
           version: 0.0.0
           dependencies:
-            codeql/ruby-all: 0.0.1
+            codeql/ruby-all: "*"
           extractor: ruby
           tests: .
           ' > qlpack.yml

.github/workflows/swift-autobuilder.yml

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-name: "Swift: Build and test Xcode autobuilder"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "swift/xcode-autobuilder/**"
-      - "misc/bazel/**"
-      - "*.bazel*"
-      - .github/workflows/swift-autobuilder.yml
-    branches:
-      - main
-
-jobs:
-  autobuilder:
-    runs-on: macos-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: bazelbuild/setup-bazelisk@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with:
-          python-version-file: 'swift/.python-version'
-      - name: Build the Xcode autobuilder
-        run: |
-          bazel build //swift/xcode-autobuilder
-      - name: Test the Xcode autobuilder
-        run: |
-          bazel test //swift/xcode-autobuilder/tests

.github/workflows/swift-codegen.yml

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-name: "Swift: Check code generation"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "swift/**"
-      - "misc/bazel/**"
-      - "*.bazel*"
-      - .github/workflows/swift-codegen.yml
-      - .github/actions/fetch-codeql/action.yml
-    branches:
-      - main
-defaults:
-  run:
-    working-directory: swift
-
-jobs:
-  codegen:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
-      - uses: bazelbuild/setup-bazelisk@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with:
-          python-version-file: 'swift/.python-version'
-      - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.0
-        name: Check that python code is properly formatted
-        with:
-          extra_args: autopep8 --all-files
-      - name: Run unit tests
-        run: |
-          bazel test //swift/codegen/test --test_output=errors
-      - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.0
-        name: Check that QL generated code was checked in
-        with:
-          extra_args: swift-codegen --all-files
-      - name: Generate C++ files
-        run: |
-          bazel run //swift/codegen:codegen -- --generate=trap,cpp --cpp-output=$PWD/swift-generated-cpp-files
-      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-        with:
-          name: swift-generated-cpp-files
-          path: swift-generated-cpp-files/**

.github/workflows/swift-integration-tests.yml

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-name: "Swift: Run Integration Tests"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "swift/**"
-      - "misc/bazel/**"
-      - "*.bazel*"
-      - .github/workflows/swift-integration-tests.yml
-      - .github/actions/fetch-codeql/action.yml
-      - codeql-workspace.yml
-    branches:
-      - main
-defaults:
-  run:
-    working-directory: swift
-
-jobs:
-  integration-tests:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os:
-          - ubuntu-20.04
-#          - macos-latest  TODO
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
-      - uses: bazelbuild/setup-bazelisk@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with:
-          python-version-file: 'swift/.python-version'
-      - name: Build Swift extractor
-        run: |
-          bazel run //swift:create-extractor-pack
-      - name: Get Swift version
-        id: get_swift_version
-        run: |
-          VERSION=$(bazel run //swift/extractor -- --version | sed -ne 's/.*version \(\S*\).*/\1/p')
-          echo "::set-output name=version::$VERSION"
-      - uses: swift-actions/setup-swift@v1
-        with:
-          swift-version: "${{steps.get_swift_version.outputs.version}}"
-      - name: Run integration tests
-        run: |
-          python integration-tests/runner.py

.github/workflows/swift-qltest.yml

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-name: "Swift: Run QL Tests"
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "swift/**"
-      - "misc/bazel/**"
-      - "*.bazel*"
-      - .github/workflows/swift-qltest.yml
-      - .github/actions/fetch-codeql/action.yml
-      - codeql-workspace.yml
-    branches:
-      - main
-defaults:
-  run:
-    working-directory: swift
-
-jobs:
-  qlformat:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
-      - name: Check QL formatting
-        run: find ql "(" -name "*.ql" -or -name "*.qll" ")" -print0 | xargs -0 codeql query format --check-only
-  qltest-test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: bazelbuild/setup-bazelisk@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with:
-          python-version-file: 'swift/.python-version'
-      - name: Test qltest.sh
-        run: |
-          bazel test //swift/tools/test/qltest
-  qltest:
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os: [ ubuntu-20.04, macos-latest ]
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
-      - uses: bazelbuild/setup-bazelisk@v2
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
-        with:
-          python-version-file: 'swift/.python-version'
-      - name: Build Swift extractor
-        run: |
-          bazel run //swift:create-extractor-pack
-      - name: Run QL tests
-        run: |
-          codeql test run --threads=0 --ram 5000 --search-path "${{ github.workspace }}/swift/extractor-pack" --check-databases --check-unused-labels --check-repeated-labels --check-redefined-labels --check-use-before-definition ql/test
-        env:
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}

.github/workflows/swift.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+name: "Swift"
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "swift/**"
+      - "misc/bazel/**"
+      - "*.bazel*"
+      - .github/workflows/swift.yml
+      - .github/actions/fetch-codeql/action.yml
+      - codeql-workspace.yml
+      - .pre-commit-config.yaml
+      - "!**/*.md"
+      - "!**/*.qhelp"
+    branches:
+      - main
+
+jobs:
+  changes:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      codegen: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.codegen }}
+      ql: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.ql }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@4512585405083f25c027a35db413c2b3b9006d50
+        id: filter
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            codegen:
+              - 'github/workflows/swift.yml'
+              - "misc/bazel/**"
+              - "*.bazel*"
+              - 'swift/actions/setup-env/**'
+              - '.pre-commit-config.yaml'
+              - 'swift/codegen/**'
+              - 'swift/schema.py'
+              - 'swift/**/*.dbscheme'
+              - 'swift/ql/lib/codeql/swift/elements.qll'
+              - 'swift/ql/lib/codeql/swift/elements/**'
+              - 'swift/ql/lib/codeql/swift/generated/**'
+              - 'swift/ql/test/extractor-tests/generated/**'
+            ql:
+              - 'github/workflows/swift.yml'
+              - 'swift/**/*.ql'
+              - 'swift/**/*.qll'
+  # not using a matrix as you cannot depend on a specific job in a matrix, and we want to start linux checks
+  # without waiting for the macOS build
+  build-and-test-macos:
+    runs-on: macos-12-xl
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/create-extractor-pack
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/run-quick-tests
+  build-and-test-linux:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/create-extractor-pack
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/run-quick-tests
+  qltests-linux:
+    needs: build-and-test-linux
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/run-ql-tests
+  qltests-macos:
+    needs: build-and-test-macos
+    runs-on: macos-12-xl
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        slice: ["1/2", "2/2"]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/run-ql-tests
+        with:
+          flags: --slice ${{ matrix.slice }}
+  integration-tests-linux:
+    needs: build-and-test-linux
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/run-integration-tests
+  integration-tests-macos:
+    needs: build-and-test-macos
+    runs-on: macos-12-xl
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/run-integration-tests
+  codegen:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: changes
+    if: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.codegen == 'true' }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./swift/actions/setup-env
+      - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.0
+        name: Check that python code is properly formatted
+        with:
+          extra_args: autopep8 --all-files
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
+      - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.0
+        name: Check that QL generated code was checked in
+        with:
+          extra_args: swift-codegen --all-files
+      - name: Generate C++ files
+        run: |
+          bazel run //swift/codegen:codegen -- --generate=trap,cpp --cpp-output=$PWD/generated-cpp-files
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: swift-generated-cpp-files
+          path: swift/generated-cpp-files/**
+  qlformat:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: changes
+    if: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.ql == 'true' }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/fetch-codeql
+      - name: Check QL formatting
+        run: find swift/ql "(" -name "*.ql" -or -name "*.qll" ")" -print0 | xargs -0 codeql query format --check-only

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ repos:
 
       - id: sync-files
         name: Fix files required to be identical
-        files: \.(qll?|qhelp|swift)$
+        files: \.(qll?|qhelp|swift)$|^config/identical-files\.json$
         language: system
         entry: python3 config/sync-files.py --latest
         pass_filenames: false

CODEOWNERS

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ WORKSPACE.bazel @github/codeql-ci-reviewers
 
 # Workflows
 /.github/workflows/ @github/codeql-ci-reviewers
+/.github/workflows/atm-* @github/codeql-ml-powered-queries-reviewers
 /.github/workflows/go-* @github/codeql-go
 /.github/workflows/js-ml-tests.yml @github/codeql-ml-powered-queries-reviewers
 /.github/workflows/ql-for-ql-* @github/codeql-ql-for-ql-reviewers

codeql-workspace.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ provide:
   # - "javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/model/qlpack.yml"
   - "javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/modelbuilding/qlpack.yml"
   - "javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/src/qlpack.yml"
+  - "javascript/ql/experimental/adaptivethreatmodeling/test/qlpack.yml"
   - "csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/lib/qlpack.yml"
   - "csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/src/qlpack.yml"
   - "csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/test/qlpack.yml"

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/add-note.js

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+const mongoose = require('mongoose');
+
+Logger = require('./logger').Logger;
+Note = require('./models/note').Note;
+
+(async () => {
+  if (process.argv.length != 5) {
+    Logger.log("Creates a private note.  Usage: node add-note.js <token> <title> <body>")
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Open the default mongoose connection
+  await mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/notes', { useFindAndModify: false });
+
+  const [userToken, title, body] = process.argv.slice(2);
+  await Note.create({ title, body, userToken });
+
+  Logger.log(`Created private note with title ${title} and body ${body} belonging to user with token ${userToken}.`);
+
+  await mongoose.connection.close();
+})();

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
+const express = require('express');
+const mongoose = require('mongoose');
+
+const notesApi = require('./notes-api');
+const usersApi = require('./users-api');
+
+const addSampleData = module.exports.addSampleData = async () => {
+  const [userA, userB] = await User.create([
+    {
+      name: "A",
+      token: "tokenA"
+    },
+    {
+      name: "B",
+      token: "tokenB"
+    }
+  ]);
+
+  await Note.create([
+    {
+      title: "Public note belonging to A",
+      body: "This is a public note belonging to A",
+      isPublic: true,
+      ownerToken: userA.token
+    },
+    {
+      title: "Public note belonging to B",
+      body: "This is a public note belonging to B",
+      isPublic: true,
+      ownerToken: userB.token
+    },
+    {
+      title: "Private note belonging to A",
+      body: "This is a private note belonging to A",
+      ownerToken: userA.token
+    },
+    {
+      title: "Private note belonging to B",
+      body: "This is a private note belonging to B",
+      ownerToken: userB.token
+    }
+  ]);
+}
+
+module.exports.startApp = async () => {
+  // Open the default mongoose connection
+  await mongoose.connect('mongodb://mongo:27017/notes', { useFindAndModify: false });
+  // Drop contents of DB
+  mongoose.connection.dropDatabase();
+  // Add some sample data
+  await addSampleData();
+
+  const app = express();
+
+  app.use(bodyParser.json());
+  app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded());
+
+  app.get('/', async (_req, res) => {
+    res.send('Hello World');
+  });
+
+  app.use('/api/notes', notesApi.router);
+  app.use('/api/users', usersApi.router);
+
+  app.listen(3000);
+  Logger.log('Express started on port 3000');
+};

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+const startApp = require('./app').startApp;
+
+Logger = require('./logger').Logger;
+Note = require('./models/note').Note;
+User = require('./models/user').User;
+
+startApp();

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/logger.js

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+module.exports.Logger = class {
+  log(message, ...objs) {
+    console.log(message, objs);
+  }
+};

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/models/note.js

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+const mongoose = require('mongoose');
+
+module.exports.Note = mongoose.model('Note', new mongoose.Schema({
+  title: String,
+  body: String,
+  ownerToken: String,
+  isPublic: Boolean
+}));

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/models/user.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+const mongoose = require('mongoose');
+
+module.exports.User = mongoose.model('User', new mongoose.Schema({
+  name: String,
+  token: String
+}));

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/notes-api.js

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+const express = require('express')
+
+const router = module.exports.router = express.Router();
+
+function serializeNote(note) {
+  return {
+    title: note.title,
+    body: note.body
+  };
+}
+
+router.post('/find', async (req, res) => {
+  const notes = await Note.find({
+    ownerToken: req.body.token
+  }).exec();
+  res.json({
+    notes: notes.map(serializeNote)
+  });
+});
+
+router.get('/findPublic', async (_req, res) => {
+  const notes = await Note.find({
+    isPublic: true
+  }).exec();
+  res.json({
+    notes: notes.map(serializeNote)
+  });
+});
+
+router.post('/findVisible', async (req, res) => {
+  const notes = await Note.find({
+    $or: [
+      {
+        isPublic: true
+      },
+      {
+        ownerToken: req.body.token
+      }
+    ]
+  }).exec();
+  res.json({
+    notes: notes.map(serializeNote)
+  });
+});

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/read-notes.js

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+const mongoose = require('mongoose');
+
+Logger = require('./logger').Logger;
+Note = require('./models/note').Note;
+User = require('./models/user').User;
+
+(async () => {
+  if (process.argv.length != 3) {
+    Logger.log("Outputs all notes visible to a user.  Usage: node read-notes.js <token>")
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Open the default mongoose connection
+  await mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/notes', { useFindAndModify: false });
+
+  const ownerToken = process.argv[2];
+
+  const user = await User.findOne({
+    token: ownerToken
+  }).exec();
+
+  const notes = await Note.find({
+    $or: [
+      { isPublic: true },
+      { ownerToken }
+    ]
+  }).exec();
+
+  notes.map(note => {
+    Logger.log("Title:" + note.title);
+    Logger.log("By:" + user.name);
+    Logger.log("Body:" + note.body);
+    Logger.log();
+  });
+
+  await mongoose.connection.close();
+})();

config/atm/ml-powered-queries-repo/users-api.js

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+const express = require('express')
+
+Logger = require('./logger').Logger;
+const router = module.exports.router = express.Router();
+
+router.post('/updateName', async (req, res) => {
+  Logger.log("/updateName called with new name", req.body.name);
+  await User.findOneAndUpdate({
+    token: req.body.token
+  }, {
+    name: req.body.name
+  }).exec();
+  res.json({
+    name: req.body.name
+  });
+});
+
+router.post('/getName', async (req, res) => {
+  const user = await User.findOne({
+    token: req.body.token
+  }).exec();
+  res.json({
+    name: user.name
+  });
+});

config/identical-files.json

@@ -600,8 +600,12 @@
     "swift/ql/test/extractor-tests/patterns/patterns.swift",
     "swift/ql/test/library-tests/ast/patterns.swift"
   ],
+  "Swift control flow test file": [
+    "swift/ql/test/library-tests/controlflow/graph/cfg.swift",
+    "swift/ql/test/library-tests/ast/cfg.swift"
+  ],
   "IncompleteMultiCharacterSanitization JS/Ruby": [
     "javascript/ql/lib/semmle/javascript/security/IncompleteMultiCharacterSanitizationQuery.qll",
     "ruby/ql/lib/codeql/ruby/security/IncompleteMultiCharacterSanitizationQuery.qll"
   ]
-}
+}

cpp/ql/examples/qlpack.yml

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ groups:
   - cpp
   - examples
 dependencies:
-  codeql/cpp-all: "*"
+  codeql/cpp-all: ${workspace}

cpp/ql/lib/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+### Minor Analysis Improvements
+
+* Fixed bugs in the `FormatLiteral` class that were causing `getMaxConvertedLength` and related predicates to return no results when the format literal was `%e`, `%f` or `%g` and an explicit precision was specified.
+
 ## 0.4.2
 
 No user-facing changes.

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/released/0.4.3.md

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
----
-category: minorAnalysis
----
+## 0.4.3
+
+### Minor Analysis Improvements
+
 * Fixed bugs in the `FormatLiteral` class that were causing `getMaxConvertedLength` and related predicates to return no results when the format literal was `%e`, `%f` or `%g` and an explicit precision was specified.

cpp/ql/lib/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.2
+lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.3

cpp/ql/lib/experimental/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/experimental/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl2.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/experimental/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl3.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/experimental/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl4.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 name: codeql/cpp-all
-version: 0.4.3-dev
+version: 0.4.4-dev
 groups: cpp
 dbscheme: semmlecode.cpp.dbscheme
 extractor: cpp
 library: true
 upgrades: upgrades
 dependencies:
-  codeql/ssa: 0.0.1
+  codeql/ssa: ${workspace}

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/old/internal/DataFlowImpl.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/old/internal/DataFlowImpl2.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/old/internal/DataFlowImpl3.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/old/internal/DataFlowImpl4.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/dataflow/old/internal/DataFlowImplLocal.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl2.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl3.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl4.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class ParameterPosition = Position;
 /** An argument position represented by an integer. */
 class ArgumentPosition = Position;
 
-class Position extends TPosition {
+abstract class Position extends TPosition {
   abstract string toString();
 }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,13 @@ class DirectPosition extends Position, TDirectPosition {
 
   DirectPosition() { this = TDirectPosition(index) }
 
-  override string toString() { if index = -1 then result = "this" else result = index.toString() }
+  override string toString() {
+    index = -1 and
+    result = "this"
+    or
+    index != -1 and
+    result = index.toString()
+  }
 
   int getIndex() { result = index }
 }

cpp/ql/src/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+### Minor Analysis Improvements
+
+* Fixed a bug in `cpp/jsf/av-rule-76` that caused the query to miss results when an implicitly-defined copy constructor or copy assignment operator was generated.
+
 ## 0.4.2
 
 ### New Queries

cpp/ql/src/change-notes/released/0.4.3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+### Minor Analysis Improvements
+
+* Fixed a bug in `cpp/jsf/av-rule-76` that caused the query to miss results when an implicitly-defined copy constructor or copy assignment operator was generated.

cpp/ql/src/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.2
+lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.3

cpp/ql/src/jsf/4.10 Classes/AV Rule 76.ql

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ predicate hasNontrivialDestructor(Class c) {
 from Class c
 where
   (hasPointerMember(c) or hasNontrivialDestructor(c)) and
-  not (
-    c.getAMemberFunction() instanceof CopyConstructor and
-    c.getAMemberFunction() instanceof CopyAssignmentOperator
+  (
+    c.hasImplicitCopyAssignmentOperator() or
+    c.hasImplicitCopyConstructor()
   ) and
   not c instanceof Struct
 select c,

cpp/ql/src/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 name: codeql/cpp-queries
-version: 0.4.3-dev
+version: 0.4.4-dev
 groups: 
   - cpp
   - queries
 dependencies:
-    codeql/cpp-all: "*"
-    codeql/suite-helpers: "*"
+    codeql/cpp-all: ${workspace}
+    codeql/suite-helpers: ${workspace}
 suites: codeql-suites
 extractor: cpp
 defaultSuiteFile: codeql-suites/cpp-code-scanning.qls

cpp/ql/test/experimental/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-193/pointer-deref/InvalidPointerDeref.expected

@@ -2,43 +2,21 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:4:15:4:20 | call to malloc | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | Store |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | Store |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | Store |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | Store |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:6:15:6:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:6:15:6:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:6:15:6:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:6:15:6:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:7:16:7:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:7:16:7:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:7:16:7:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:7:16:7:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:8:16:8:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:10:16:10:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:10:16:10:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:10:16:10:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:10:16:10:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:15 | Load | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | ... + ... | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | Store |
 | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | ... + ... | test.cpp:5:15:5:22 | Store |
@@ -116,7 +94,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:8:16:8:16 | Load | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:8:16:8:16 | Load | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:8:16:8:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:8:14:8:21 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:8:16:8:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:8:14:8:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load | test.cpp:6:14:6:15 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load | test.cpp:6:14:6:15 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:9:16:9:16 | Load | test.cpp:8:14:8:21 | Load: * ... |
@@ -139,62 +116,30 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load | test.cpp:8:14:8:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:11:16:11:16 | Load | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load | test.cpp:6:14:6:15 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load | test.cpp:6:14:6:15 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load | test.cpp:8:14:8:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:12:16:12:16 | Load | test.cpp:8:14:8:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:16:15:16:20 | call to malloc | test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:17:15:17:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:17:15:17:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:17:15:17:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:17:15:17:22 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:20:16:20:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:20:16:20:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:20:16:20:20 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:17:15:17:15 | Load | test.cpp:20:16:20:20 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:17:15:17:22 | ... + ... | test.cpp:20:14:20:21 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:17:15:17:22 | ... + ... | test.cpp:20:14:20:21 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:20:16:20:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:20:14:20:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:20:16:20:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:20:14:20:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:28:15:28:20 | call to malloc | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | Store |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:30:15:30:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:30:15:30:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:30:15:30:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:30:15:30:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:31:16:31:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:31:16:31:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:31:16:31:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:31:16:31:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:32:16:32:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:34:16:34:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:34:16:34:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:34:16:34:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:34:16:34:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:15 | Load | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | ... + ... | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | ... + ... | test.cpp:29:15:29:28 | Store |
@@ -272,7 +217,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:32:16:32:16 | Load | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:32:16:32:16 | Load | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:32:16:32:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:32:14:32:21 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:32:16:32:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:32:14:32:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load | test.cpp:30:14:30:15 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load | test.cpp:30:14:30:15 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:33:16:33:16 | Load | test.cpp:32:14:32:21 | Load: * ... |
@@ -295,49 +239,25 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load | test.cpp:32:14:32:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:35:16:35:16 | Load | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load | test.cpp:30:14:30:15 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load | test.cpp:30:14:30:15 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load | test.cpp:32:14:32:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:36:16:36:16 | Load | test.cpp:32:14:32:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:40:15:40:20 | call to malloc | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | Store |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:42:15:42:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:42:15:42:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:42:15:42:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:42:15:42:15 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:43:16:43:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:43:16:43:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:43:16:43:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:43:16:43:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:44:16:44:20 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:46:16:46:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:46:16:46:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:46:16:46:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:46:16:46:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load |
-| test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:15 | Load | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | ... + ... | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | Store |
 | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | ... + ... | test.cpp:41:15:41:28 | Store |
@@ -415,7 +335,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:44:16:44:16 | Load | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:44:16:44:16 | Load | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:44:16:44:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:44:14:44:21 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:44:16:44:20 | ... + ... | test.cpp:44:14:44:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load | test.cpp:42:14:42:15 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load | test.cpp:42:14:42:15 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:45:16:45:16 | Load | test.cpp:44:14:44:21 | Load: * ... |
@@ -438,8 +357,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load | test.cpp:44:14:44:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:47:16:47:16 | Load | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load | test.cpp:42:14:42:15 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load | test.cpp:42:14:42:15 | Load: * ... |
-| test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load | test.cpp:44:14:44:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:48:16:48:16 | Load | test.cpp:44:14:44:21 | Load: * ... |
 | test.cpp:51:7:51:14 | VariableAddress indirection | test.cpp:62:39:62:39 | Load |
 | test.cpp:51:7:51:14 | VariableAddress indirection | test.cpp:66:39:66:39 | Load |
@@ -449,18 +366,13 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:52:19:52:24 | call to malloc | test.cpp:53:12:53:16 | Load |
 | test.cpp:53:5:53:23 | Store | test.cpp:51:33:51:35 | Load indirection |
 | test.cpp:53:12:53:16 | Load | test.cpp:53:5:53:23 | Store |
-| test.cpp:53:12:53:16 | Load | test.cpp:53:5:53:23 | Store |
-| test.cpp:53:12:53:16 | Load | test.cpp:53:12:53:23 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:53:12:53:16 | Load | test.cpp:53:12:53:23 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:53:12:53:23 | ... + ... | test.cpp:51:33:51:35 | Load indirection |
 | test.cpp:60:34:60:37 | mk_array output argument | test.cpp:62:32:62:34 | Load |
 | test.cpp:60:34:60:37 | mk_array output argument | test.cpp:66:32:66:34 | Load |
 | test.cpp:60:34:60:37 | mk_array output argument | test.cpp:70:31:70:33 | Load |
 | test.cpp:62:32:62:34 | Load | test.cpp:67:9:67:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:62:32:62:34 | Load | test.cpp:67:9:67:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:66:32:66:34 | Load | test.cpp:67:9:67:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:66:32:66:34 | Load | test.cpp:67:9:67:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:70:31:70:33 | Load | test.cpp:67:9:67:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:70:31:70:33 | Load | test.cpp:67:9:67:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:80:9:80:16 | VariableAddress indirection [begin] | test.cpp:91:20:91:22 | arr indirection [begin] |
 | test.cpp:80:9:80:16 | VariableAddress indirection [begin] | test.cpp:95:20:95:22 | arr indirection [begin] |
@@ -479,8 +391,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:83:15:83:17 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | begin |
 | test.cpp:83:15:83:30 | ... + ... | test.cpp:83:5:83:30 | Store |
 | test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | Load | test.cpp:83:5:83:30 | Store |
-| test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | Load | test.cpp:83:5:83:30 | Store |
-| test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | Load | test.cpp:83:15:83:30 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | Load | test.cpp:83:15:83:30 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | begin | test.cpp:83:19:83:23 | Load |
 | test.cpp:91:20:91:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:91:24:91:28 | begin |
@@ -488,21 +398,18 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:91:24:91:28 | begin | test.cpp:91:47:91:47 | Load |
 | test.cpp:91:36:91:38 | arr indirection [end] | test.cpp:91:40:91:42 | end |
 | test.cpp:91:40:91:42 | Load | test.cpp:96:9:96:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:91:40:91:42 | Load | test.cpp:96:9:96:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:91:40:91:42 | end | test.cpp:91:40:91:42 | Load |
 | test.cpp:95:20:95:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:95:24:95:28 | begin |
 | test.cpp:95:20:95:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:95:47:95:47 | Load |
 | test.cpp:95:24:95:28 | begin | test.cpp:95:47:95:47 | Load |
 | test.cpp:95:36:95:38 | arr indirection [end] | test.cpp:95:40:95:42 | end |
 | test.cpp:95:40:95:42 | Load | test.cpp:96:9:96:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:95:40:95:42 | Load | test.cpp:96:9:96:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:95:40:95:42 | end | test.cpp:95:40:95:42 | Load |
 | test.cpp:99:20:99:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:99:24:99:28 | begin |
 | test.cpp:99:20:99:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:99:46:99:46 | Load |
 | test.cpp:99:24:99:28 | begin | test.cpp:99:46:99:46 | Load |
 | test.cpp:99:35:99:37 | arr indirection [end] | test.cpp:99:39:99:41 | end |
 | test.cpp:99:39:99:41 | Load | test.cpp:96:9:96:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:99:39:99:41 | Load | test.cpp:96:9:96:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:99:39:99:41 | end | test.cpp:99:39:99:41 | Load |
 | test.cpp:104:27:104:29 | arr [begin] | test.cpp:105:20:105:22 | arr indirection [begin] |
 | test.cpp:104:27:104:29 | arr [begin] | test.cpp:109:20:109:22 | arr indirection [begin] |
@@ -515,21 +422,18 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:105:24:105:28 | begin | test.cpp:105:47:105:47 | Load |
 | test.cpp:105:36:105:38 | arr indirection [end] | test.cpp:105:40:105:42 | end |
 | test.cpp:105:40:105:42 | Load | test.cpp:110:9:110:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:105:40:105:42 | Load | test.cpp:110:9:110:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:105:40:105:42 | end | test.cpp:105:40:105:42 | Load |
 | test.cpp:109:20:109:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:109:24:109:28 | begin |
 | test.cpp:109:20:109:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:109:47:109:47 | Load |
 | test.cpp:109:24:109:28 | begin | test.cpp:109:47:109:47 | Load |
 | test.cpp:109:36:109:38 | arr indirection [end] | test.cpp:109:40:109:42 | end |
 | test.cpp:109:40:109:42 | Load | test.cpp:110:9:110:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:109:40:109:42 | Load | test.cpp:110:9:110:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:109:40:109:42 | end | test.cpp:109:40:109:42 | Load |
 | test.cpp:113:20:113:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:113:24:113:28 | begin |
 | test.cpp:113:20:113:22 | arr indirection [begin] | test.cpp:113:46:113:46 | Load |
 | test.cpp:113:24:113:28 | begin | test.cpp:113:46:113:46 | Load |
 | test.cpp:113:35:113:37 | arr indirection [end] | test.cpp:113:39:113:41 | end |
 | test.cpp:113:39:113:41 | Load | test.cpp:110:9:110:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:113:39:113:41 | Load | test.cpp:110:9:110:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:113:39:113:41 | end | test.cpp:113:39:113:41 | Load |
 | test.cpp:119:18:119:25 | call to mk_array [begin] | test.cpp:104:27:104:29 | arr [begin] |
 | test.cpp:119:18:119:25 | call to mk_array [end] | test.cpp:104:27:104:29 | arr [end] |
@@ -558,8 +462,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:144:16:144:18 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | begin |
 | test.cpp:144:16:144:32 | ... + ... | test.cpp:144:5:144:32 | Store |
 | test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | Load | test.cpp:144:5:144:32 | Store |
-| test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | Load | test.cpp:144:5:144:32 | Store |
-| test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | Load | test.cpp:144:16:144:32 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | Load | test.cpp:144:16:144:32 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | begin | test.cpp:144:21:144:25 | Load |
 | test.cpp:150:20:150:29 | Call indirection [begin] | test.cpp:152:20:152:22 | Load indirection [begin] |
@@ -574,7 +476,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:156:25:156:29 | begin | test.cpp:156:49:156:49 | Load |
 | test.cpp:156:37:156:39 | Load indirection [end] | test.cpp:156:42:156:44 | end |
 | test.cpp:156:42:156:44 | Load | test.cpp:157:9:157:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:156:42:156:44 | Load | test.cpp:157:9:157:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:156:42:156:44 | end | test.cpp:156:42:156:44 | Load |
 | test.cpp:160:20:160:22 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:160:25:160:29 | begin |
 | test.cpp:160:20:160:22 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:160:48:160:48 | Load |
@@ -590,21 +491,18 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:166:25:166:29 | begin | test.cpp:166:49:166:49 | Load |
 | test.cpp:166:37:166:39 | Load indirection [end] | test.cpp:166:42:166:44 | end |
 | test.cpp:166:42:166:44 | Load | test.cpp:171:9:171:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:166:42:166:44 | Load | test.cpp:171:9:171:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:166:42:166:44 | end | test.cpp:166:42:166:44 | Load |
 | test.cpp:170:20:170:22 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:170:25:170:29 | begin |
 | test.cpp:170:20:170:22 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:170:49:170:49 | Load |
 | test.cpp:170:25:170:29 | begin | test.cpp:170:49:170:49 | Load |
 | test.cpp:170:37:170:39 | Load indirection [end] | test.cpp:170:42:170:44 | end |
 | test.cpp:170:42:170:44 | Load | test.cpp:171:9:171:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:170:42:170:44 | Load | test.cpp:171:9:171:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:170:42:170:44 | end | test.cpp:170:42:170:44 | Load |
 | test.cpp:174:20:174:22 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:174:25:174:29 | begin |
 | test.cpp:174:20:174:22 | Load indirection [begin] | test.cpp:174:48:174:48 | Load |
 | test.cpp:174:25:174:29 | begin | test.cpp:174:48:174:48 | Load |
 | test.cpp:174:36:174:38 | Load indirection [end] | test.cpp:174:41:174:43 | end |
 | test.cpp:174:41:174:43 | Load | test.cpp:171:9:171:14 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:174:41:174:43 | Load | test.cpp:171:9:171:14 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:174:41:174:43 | end | test.cpp:174:41:174:43 | Load |
 | test.cpp:180:19:180:28 | call to mk_array_p indirection [begin] | test.cpp:165:29:165:31 | arr indirection [begin] |
 | test.cpp:180:19:180:28 | call to mk_array_p indirection [end] | test.cpp:165:29:165:31 | arr indirection [end] |
@@ -614,19 +512,9 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:194:23:194:28 | call to malloc | test.cpp:201:5:201:5 | Load |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:197:20:197:22 | Load |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:197:20:197:22 | Load |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:197:20:197:22 | Load |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:197:20:197:22 | Load |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:201:5:201:12 | access to array |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:201:5:201:12 | access to array |
-| test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:201:5:201:12 | access to array |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:17 | Load | test.cpp:201:5:201:12 | access to array |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | ... + ... | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | ... + ... | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store |
@@ -637,29 +525,15 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store | test.cpp:201:5:201:19 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:195:17:195:23 | Store | test.cpp:201:5:201:19 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:197:20:197:22 | Load | test.cpp:201:5:201:19 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:197:20:197:22 | Load | test.cpp:201:5:201:19 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:201:5:201:12 | access to array | test.cpp:201:5:201:19 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:201:5:201:12 | access to array | test.cpp:201:5:201:19 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:205:23:205:28 | call to malloc | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load |
 | test.cpp:205:23:205:28 | call to malloc | test.cpp:208:15:208:15 | Load |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | ... + ... |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | ... + ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:209:12:209:14 | Load |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:209:12:209:14 | Load |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:209:12:209:14 | Load |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:209:12:209:14 | Load |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:6:213:6 | Load |
-| test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:6:213:6 | Load |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:6:213:6 | Load |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:17 | Load | test.cpp:213:6:213:6 | Load |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | ... + ... | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store |
@@ -671,8 +545,6 @@ edges
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:206:17:206:23 | Store | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:209:12:209:14 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:209:12:209:14 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |
-| test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |
 | test.cpp:213:6:213:6 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:6 | * ... |
 | test.cpp:213:6:213:6 | Load | test.cpp:213:5:213:13 | Store: ... = ... |

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/dataflow/dataflow-tests/test.cpp

@@ -329,21 +329,21 @@ namespace NestedTests {
 namespace FlowThroughGlobals {
   int globalVar;
 
-  int taintGlobal() {
+  void taintGlobal() {
     globalVar = source();
   }
 
-  int f() {
+  void f() {
     sink(globalVar); // $ ir=333:17 ir=347:17 // tainted or clean? Not sure.
     taintGlobal();
     sink(globalVar); // $ ir=333:17 ir=347:17 MISSING: ast
   }
 
-  int calledAfterTaint() {
+  void calledAfterTaint() {
     sink(globalVar); // $ ir=333:17 ir=347:17 MISSING: ast
   }
 
-  int taintAndCall() {
+  void taintAndCall() {
     globalVar = source();
     calledAfterTaint();
     sink(globalVar); // $ ast ir=333:17 ir=347:17

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/dataflow/dataflow-tests/test.ql

@@ -33,27 +33,9 @@ module IRTest {
       )
     }
 
-    override predicate isAdditionalFlowStep(DataFlow::Node n1, DataFlow::Node n2) {
-      exists(GlobalOrNamespaceVariable var | var.getName().matches("flowTestGlobal%") |
-        writesVariable(n1.asInstruction(), var) and
-        var = n2.asVariable()
-        or
-        readsVariable(n2.asInstruction(), var) and
-        var = n1.asVariable()
-      )
-    }
-
     override predicate isBarrier(DataFlow::Node barrier) {
       barrier.asExpr().(VariableAccess).getTarget().hasName("barrier") or
       barrier = DataFlow::InstructionBarrierGuard<testBarrierGuard/3>::getABarrierNode()
     }
   }
-
-  private predicate readsVariable(LoadInstruction load, Variable var) {
-    load.getSourceAddress().(VariableAddressInstruction).getAstVariable() = var
-  }
-
-  private predicate writesVariable(StoreInstruction store, Variable var) {
-    store.getDestinationAddress().(VariableAddressInstruction).getAstVariable() = var
-  }
 }

cpp/ql/test/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: codeql/cpp-tests
 groups: [cpp, test]
 dependencies:
-  codeql/cpp-all: "*"
-  codeql/cpp-queries: "*"
+  codeql/cpp-all: ${workspace}
+  codeql/cpp-queries: ${workspace}
 extractor: cpp
 tests: .

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-022/SAMATE/TaintedPath/TaintedPath.expected

@@ -12,7 +12,5 @@ nodes
 | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | semmle.label | data |
 #select
 | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:55:27:55:38 | ... + ... | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:77:23:77:26 | data | This argument to a file access function is derived from $@ and then passed to fopen(filename). | CWE23_Relative_Path_Traversal__char_console_fopen_11.cpp:55:27:55:38 | ... + ... | user input (fgets) |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-022/semmle/tests/TaintedPath.expected

@@ -12,7 +12,5 @@ nodes
 | test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | semmle.label | fileName |
 | test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | semmle.label | fileName |
 | test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | semmle.label | fileName |
-| test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | semmle.label | fileName |
-| test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | semmle.label | fileName |
 #select
 | test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | test.c:9:23:9:26 | argv | test.c:17:11:17:18 | fileName | This argument to a file access function is derived from $@ and then passed to fopen(filename). | test.c:9:23:9:26 | argv | user input (argv) |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-079/semmle/CgiXss/CgiXss.expected

@@ -16,12 +16,9 @@ nodes
 | search.c:17:8:17:12 | query | semmle.label | query |
 | search.c:17:8:17:12 | query | semmle.label | query |
 | search.c:17:8:17:12 | query | semmle.label | query |
-| search.c:17:8:17:12 | query | semmle.label | query |
-| search.c:17:8:17:12 | query | semmle.label | query |
 | search.c:22:24:22:28 | query | semmle.label | query |
 | search.c:23:39:23:43 | query | semmle.label | query |
 | search.c:23:39:23:43 | query | semmle.label | query |
-| search.c:23:39:23:43 | query | semmle.label | query |
 | search.c:51:21:51:26 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | search.c:51:21:51:26 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | search.c:55:17:55:25 | raw_query | semmle.label | raw_query |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-089/SqlTainted/SqlTainted.expected

@@ -18,15 +18,11 @@ nodes
 | test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | semmle.label | query1 |
 | test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | semmle.label | query1 |
 | test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | semmle.label | query1 |
-| test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | semmle.label | query1 |
-| test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | semmle.label | query1 |
 | test.cpp:43:27:43:30 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.cpp:43:27:43:30 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 #select
 | test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | test.c:15:20:15:23 | argv | test.c:21:18:21:23 | query1 | This argument to a SQL query function is derived from $@ and then passed to mysql_query(sqlArg). | test.c:15:20:15:23 | argv | user input (argv) |
 | test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | test.cpp:43:27:43:30 | argv | test.cpp:43:27:43:33 | access to array | This argument to a SQL query function is derived from $@ and then passed to pqxx::work::exec1((unnamed parameter 0)). | test.cpp:43:27:43:30 | argv | user input (argv) |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-114/SAMATE/UncontrolledProcessOperation/UncontrolledProcessOperation.expected

@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:43:32:43:35 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | test.cpp:43:32:43:35 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | test.cpp:43:32:43:35 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| test.cpp:43:32:43:35 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| test.cpp:43:32:43:35 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | test.cpp:64:30:64:35 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:64:30:64:35 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:73:24:73:27 | data | semmle.label | data |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-114/semmle/UncontrolledProcessOperation/UncontrolledProcessOperation.expected

@@ -78,11 +78,9 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:24:30:24:36 | command | semmle.label | command |
 | test.cpp:26:10:26:16 | command | semmle.label | command |
 | test.cpp:26:10:26:16 | command | semmle.label | command |
-| test.cpp:26:10:26:16 | command | semmle.label | command |
 | test.cpp:29:30:29:36 | command | semmle.label | command |
 | test.cpp:31:10:31:16 | command | semmle.label | command |
 | test.cpp:31:10:31:16 | command | semmle.label | command |
-| test.cpp:31:10:31:16 | command | semmle.label | command |
 | test.cpp:42:18:42:23 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:42:18:42:34 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:43:18:43:23 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
@@ -93,10 +91,6 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:62:10:62:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:62:10:62:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:62:10:62:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:62:10:62:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:62:10:62:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:63:10:63:13 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| test.cpp:63:10:63:13 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | test.cpp:63:10:63:13 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | test.cpp:63:10:63:13 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | test.cpp:63:10:63:13 | data | semmle.label | data |
@@ -104,11 +98,6 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:64:10:64:16 | dataref | semmle.label | dataref |
 | test.cpp:64:10:64:16 | dataref | semmle.label | dataref |
 | test.cpp:64:10:64:16 | dataref | semmle.label | dataref |
-| test.cpp:64:10:64:16 | dataref | semmle.label | dataref |
-| test.cpp:64:10:64:16 | dataref | semmle.label | dataref |
-| test.cpp:64:10:64:16 | dataref | semmle.label | dataref |
-| test.cpp:65:10:65:14 | data2 | semmle.label | data2 |
-| test.cpp:65:10:65:14 | data2 | semmle.label | data2 |
 | test.cpp:65:10:65:14 | data2 | semmle.label | data2 |
 | test.cpp:65:10:65:14 | data2 | semmle.label | data2 |
 | test.cpp:65:10:65:14 | data2 | semmle.label | data2 |
@@ -118,24 +107,18 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:78:10:78:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:78:10:78:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:78:10:78:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:78:10:78:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:78:10:78:15 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:98:17:98:22 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:98:17:98:22 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:98:17:98:22 | recv output argument | semmle.label | recv output argument |
 | test.cpp:99:15:99:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:99:15:99:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:99:15:99:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:99:15:99:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:99:15:99:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:106:17:106:22 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:106:17:106:22 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:106:17:106:22 | recv output argument | semmle.label | recv output argument |
 | test.cpp:107:15:107:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:107:15:107:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 | test.cpp:107:15:107:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:107:15:107:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
-| test.cpp:107:15:107:20 | buffer | semmle.label | buffer |
 #select
 | test.cpp:26:10:26:16 | command | test.cpp:42:18:42:23 | call to getenv | test.cpp:26:10:26:16 | command | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being passed to system. | test.cpp:42:18:42:23 | call to getenv | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:31:10:31:16 | command | test.cpp:43:18:43:23 | call to getenv | test.cpp:31:10:31:16 | command | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being passed to system. | test.cpp:43:18:43:23 | call to getenv | call to getenv |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-120/semmle/tests/UnboundedWrite.expected

@@ -22,20 +22,13 @@ nodes
 | tests.c:28:22:28:28 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:28:22:28:28 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:28:22:28:28 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| tests.c:28:22:28:28 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| tests.c:28:22:28:28 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:29:28:29:31 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | tests.c:29:28:29:31 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | tests.c:29:28:29:34 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:29:28:29:34 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| tests.c:29:28:29:34 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:31:15:31:23 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
 | tests.c:31:15:31:23 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
 | tests.c:31:15:31:23 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
-| tests.c:31:15:31:23 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
-| tests.c:31:15:31:23 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
-| tests.c:33:21:33:29 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
-| tests.c:33:21:33:29 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
 | tests.c:33:21:33:29 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
 | tests.c:33:21:33:29 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
 | tests.c:33:21:33:29 | buffer100 | semmle.label | buffer100 |
@@ -44,8 +37,6 @@ nodes
 | tests.c:34:10:34:16 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:34:10:34:16 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | tests.c:34:10:34:16 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| tests.c:34:10:34:16 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| tests.c:34:10:34:16 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 #select
 | tests.c:28:3:28:9 | call to sprintf | tests.c:28:22:28:25 | argv | tests.c:28:22:28:28 | access to array | This 'call to sprintf' with input from $@ may overflow the destination. | tests.c:28:22:28:25 | argv | argv |
 | tests.c:29:3:29:9 | call to sprintf | tests.c:29:28:29:31 | argv | tests.c:29:28:29:34 | access to array | This 'call to sprintf' with input from $@ may overflow the destination. | tests.c:29:28:29:31 | argv | argv |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-134/SAMATE/UncontrolledFormatString.expected

@@ -21,21 +21,16 @@ nodes
 | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:94:55:94:68 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:125:15:125:18 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:125:15:125:18 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:125:15:125:18 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:30:23:30:35 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:30:23:30:35 | fgets output argument | semmle.label | fgets output argument |
 | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:27:30:27:35 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:27:30:27:35 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:36:21:36:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:36:21:36:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:36:21:36:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:36:21:36:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| char_environment_fprintf_01_bad.c:36:21:36:24 | data | semmle.label | data |
 #select
 | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:125:15:125:18 | data | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:94:55:94:68 | ... + ... | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:125:15:125:18 | data | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to badVaSink(data), which calls vsnprintf(format). | char_connect_socket_w32_vsnprintf_01_bad.c:94:55:94:68 | ... + ... | recv |
 | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:30:23:30:35 | ... + ... | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:49:21:49:24 | data | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to fprintf(format). | char_console_fprintf_01_bad.c:30:23:30:35 | ... + ... | fgets |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-134/semmle/argv/argvLocal.expected

@@ -144,21 +144,15 @@ nodes
 | argvLocal.c:95:9:95:15 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:95:9:95:15 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:95:9:95:15 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| argvLocal.c:95:9:95:15 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| argvLocal.c:95:9:95:15 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:96:15:96:18 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | argvLocal.c:96:15:96:18 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | argvLocal.c:96:15:96:21 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:96:15:96:21 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| argvLocal.c:96:15:96:21 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:100:7:100:10 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | argvLocal.c:100:7:100:10 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | argvLocal.c:101:9:101:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | argvLocal.c:101:9:101:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | argvLocal.c:101:9:101:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| argvLocal.c:101:9:101:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| argvLocal.c:101:9:101:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| argvLocal.c:102:15:102:16 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | argvLocal.c:102:15:102:16 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | argvLocal.c:102:15:102:16 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | argvLocal.c:105:14:105:17 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
@@ -166,15 +160,10 @@ nodes
 | argvLocal.c:106:9:106:13 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:106:9:106:13 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:106:9:106:13 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| argvLocal.c:106:9:106:13 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| argvLocal.c:106:9:106:13 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
-| argvLocal.c:107:15:107:19 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:107:15:107:19 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:107:15:107:19 | access to array | semmle.label | access to array |
 | argvLocal.c:110:9:110:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | argvLocal.c:110:9:110:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| argvLocal.c:110:9:110:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| argvLocal.c:111:15:111:17 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | argvLocal.c:111:15:111:17 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | argvLocal.c:111:15:111:17 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | argvLocal.c:115:13:115:16 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
@@ -182,17 +171,11 @@ nodes
 | argvLocal.c:116:9:116:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | argvLocal.c:116:9:116:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | argvLocal.c:116:9:116:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| argvLocal.c:116:9:116:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| argvLocal.c:116:9:116:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| argvLocal.c:117:15:117:16 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | argvLocal.c:117:15:117:16 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | argvLocal.c:117:15:117:16 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | argvLocal.c:121:9:121:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:121:9:121:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:121:9:121:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| argvLocal.c:121:9:121:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| argvLocal.c:121:9:121:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| argvLocal.c:122:15:122:16 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:122:15:122:16 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:122:15:122:16 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:126:10:126:13 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
@@ -200,47 +183,29 @@ nodes
 | argvLocal.c:127:9:127:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | argvLocal.c:127:9:127:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | argvLocal.c:127:9:127:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| argvLocal.c:127:9:127:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| argvLocal.c:127:9:127:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | argvLocal.c:128:15:128:16 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | argvLocal.c:128:15:128:16 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| argvLocal.c:128:15:128:16 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| argvLocal.c:131:9:131:14 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
-| argvLocal.c:131:9:131:14 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | argvLocal.c:131:9:131:14 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | argvLocal.c:131:9:131:14 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | argvLocal.c:131:9:131:14 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | argvLocal.c:132:15:132:20 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
 | argvLocal.c:132:15:132:20 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
-| argvLocal.c:132:15:132:20 | ... + ... | semmle.label | ... + ... |
-| argvLocal.c:135:9:135:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:135:9:135:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | argvLocal.c:135:9:135:12 | ... ++ | semmle.label | ... ++ |
 | argvLocal.c:135:9:135:12 | ... ++ | semmle.label | ... ++ |
 | argvLocal.c:135:9:135:12 | ... ++ | semmle.label | ... ++ |
-| argvLocal.c:135:9:135:12 | ... ++ | semmle.label | ... ++ |
-| argvLocal.c:135:9:135:12 | ... ++ | semmle.label | ... ++ |
-| argvLocal.c:136:15:136:18 | -- ... | semmle.label | -- ... |
-| argvLocal.c:136:15:136:18 | -- ... | semmle.label | -- ... |
 | argvLocal.c:136:15:136:18 | -- ... | semmle.label | -- ... |
 | argvLocal.c:136:15:136:18 | -- ... | semmle.label | -- ... |
 | argvLocal.c:136:15:136:18 | -- ... | semmle.label | -- ... |
 | argvLocal.c:136:17:136:18 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| argvLocal.c:136:17:136:18 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| argvLocal.c:139:9:139:26 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
-| argvLocal.c:139:9:139:26 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
 | argvLocal.c:139:9:139:26 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
 | argvLocal.c:139:9:139:26 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
 | argvLocal.c:139:9:139:26 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
 | argvLocal.c:140:15:140:32 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
 | argvLocal.c:140:15:140:32 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
-| argvLocal.c:140:15:140:32 | ... ? ... : ... | semmle.label | ... ? ... : ... |
 | argvLocal.c:144:9:144:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | argvLocal.c:144:9:144:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | argvLocal.c:144:9:144:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
-| argvLocal.c:144:9:144:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
-| argvLocal.c:144:9:144:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
-| argvLocal.c:145:15:145:16 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | argvLocal.c:145:15:145:16 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | argvLocal.c:145:15:145:16 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | argvLocal.c:149:11:149:14 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
@@ -248,23 +213,15 @@ nodes
 | argvLocal.c:150:9:150:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | argvLocal.c:150:9:150:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | argvLocal.c:150:9:150:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
-| argvLocal.c:150:9:150:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
-| argvLocal.c:150:9:150:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
-| argvLocal.c:151:15:151:16 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | argvLocal.c:151:15:151:16 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | argvLocal.c:151:15:151:16 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | argvLocal.c:168:18:168:21 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | argvLocal.c:168:18:168:21 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | argvLocal.c:169:9:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 | argvLocal.c:169:9:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
-| argvLocal.c:169:9:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
-| argvLocal.c:169:9:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
-| argvLocal.c:169:18:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 | argvLocal.c:169:18:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 | argvLocal.c:169:18:169:20 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 | argvLocal.c:170:15:170:26 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
-| argvLocal.c:170:15:170:26 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
-| argvLocal.c:170:24:170:26 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 | argvLocal.c:170:24:170:26 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 | argvLocal.c:170:24:170:26 | i10 | semmle.label | i10 |
 #select

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-134/semmle/funcs/funcsLocal.expected

@@ -88,16 +88,12 @@ nodes
 | funcsLocal.c:17:9:17:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | funcsLocal.c:17:9:17:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | funcsLocal.c:17:9:17:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| funcsLocal.c:17:9:17:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| funcsLocal.c:17:9:17:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | funcsLocal.c:26:8:26:9 | fgets output argument | semmle.label | fgets output argument |
 | funcsLocal.c:26:8:26:9 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | funcsLocal.c:26:8:26:9 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | funcsLocal.c:27:9:27:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | funcsLocal.c:27:9:27:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | funcsLocal.c:27:9:27:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| funcsLocal.c:27:9:27:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| funcsLocal.c:27:9:27:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | funcsLocal.c:31:13:31:17 | call to fgets | semmle.label | call to fgets |
 | funcsLocal.c:31:13:31:17 | call to fgets | semmle.label | call to fgets |
 | funcsLocal.c:31:19:31:21 | fgets output argument | semmle.label | fgets output argument |
@@ -105,16 +101,12 @@ nodes
 | funcsLocal.c:32:9:32:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | funcsLocal.c:32:9:32:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | funcsLocal.c:32:9:32:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| funcsLocal.c:32:9:32:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| funcsLocal.c:32:9:32:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | funcsLocal.c:36:7:36:8 | gets output argument | semmle.label | gets output argument |
 | funcsLocal.c:36:7:36:8 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | funcsLocal.c:36:7:36:8 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | funcsLocal.c:37:9:37:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | funcsLocal.c:37:9:37:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | funcsLocal.c:37:9:37:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| funcsLocal.c:37:9:37:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| funcsLocal.c:37:9:37:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | funcsLocal.c:41:13:41:16 | call to gets | semmle.label | call to gets |
 | funcsLocal.c:41:13:41:16 | call to gets | semmle.label | call to gets |
 | funcsLocal.c:41:18:41:20 | gets output argument | semmle.label | gets output argument |
@@ -122,15 +114,11 @@ nodes
 | funcsLocal.c:42:9:42:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
 | funcsLocal.c:42:9:42:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
 | funcsLocal.c:42:9:42:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
-| funcsLocal.c:42:9:42:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
-| funcsLocal.c:42:9:42:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
 | funcsLocal.c:46:7:46:9 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:46:7:46:9 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:46:7:46:9 | gets output argument | semmle.label | gets output argument |
 | funcsLocal.c:47:9:47:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:47:9:47:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| funcsLocal.c:47:9:47:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| funcsLocal.c:47:10:47:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:47:10:47:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:52:8:52:11 | call to gets | semmle.label | call to gets |
 | funcsLocal.c:52:8:52:11 | call to gets | semmle.label | call to gets |
@@ -138,11 +126,7 @@ nodes
 | funcsLocal.c:52:13:52:15 | i81 | semmle.label | i81 |
 | funcsLocal.c:53:9:53:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:53:9:53:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| funcsLocal.c:53:9:53:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
 | funcsLocal.c:53:10:53:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| funcsLocal.c:53:10:53:11 | * ... | semmle.label | * ... |
-| funcsLocal.c:58:9:58:10 | e1 | semmle.label | e1 |
-| funcsLocal.c:58:9:58:10 | e1 | semmle.label | e1 |
 | funcsLocal.c:58:9:58:10 | e1 | semmle.label | e1 |
 | funcsLocal.c:58:9:58:10 | e1 | semmle.label | e1 |
 | funcsLocal.c:58:9:58:10 | e1 | semmle.label | e1 |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-134/semmle/globalVars/UncontrolledFormatString.expected

@@ -36,25 +36,20 @@ nodes
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
-| globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
-| globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:35:11:35:14 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:35:11:35:14 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
-| globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
-| globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
-| globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 #select
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to printf(format). | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | argv |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to printWrapper(str), which calls printf(format). | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | argv |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-134/semmle/globalVars/UncontrolledFormatStringThroughGlobalVar.expected

@@ -36,25 +36,20 @@ nodes
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
-| globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
-| globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:35:11:35:14 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:35:11:35:14 | copy | semmle.label | copy |
 | globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
-| globalVars.c:38:9:38:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
-| globalVars.c:41:15:41:19 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | Load | semmle.label | Load |
 | globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 | globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
-| globalVars.c:50:9:50:13 | copy2 | semmle.label | copy2 |
 #select
 | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | globalVars.c:27:9:27:12 | copy | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to printf(format). | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | argv |
 | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | globalVars.c:30:15:30:18 | copy | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to printWrapper(str), which calls printf(format). | globalVars.c:24:11:24:14 | argv | argv |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-134/semmle/ifs/ifs.expected

@@ -72,78 +72,56 @@ nodes
 | ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | semmle.label | c7 |
 | ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | semmle.label | c7 |
 | ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | semmle.label | c7 |
-| ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | semmle.label | c7 |
-| ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | semmle.label | c7 |
 | ifs.c:68:8:68:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:68:8:68:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | semmle.label | c8 |
 | ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | semmle.label | c8 |
 | ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | semmle.label | c8 |
-| ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | semmle.label | c8 |
-| ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | semmle.label | c8 |
 | ifs.c:74:8:74:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:74:8:74:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:75:9:75:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | ifs.c:75:9:75:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | ifs.c:75:9:75:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| ifs.c:75:9:75:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
-| ifs.c:75:9:75:10 | i1 | semmle.label | i1 |
 | ifs.c:80:8:80:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:80:8:80:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:81:9:81:10 | i2 | semmle.label | i2 |
 | ifs.c:81:9:81:10 | i2 | semmle.label | i2 |
 | ifs.c:81:9:81:10 | i2 | semmle.label | i2 |
-| ifs.c:81:9:81:10 | i2 | semmle.label | i2 |
-| ifs.c:81:9:81:10 | i2 | semmle.label | i2 |
 | ifs.c:86:8:86:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:86:8:86:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:87:9:87:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | ifs.c:87:9:87:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | ifs.c:87:9:87:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| ifs.c:87:9:87:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
-| ifs.c:87:9:87:10 | i3 | semmle.label | i3 |
 | ifs.c:92:8:92:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:92:8:92:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:93:9:93:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | ifs.c:93:9:93:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | ifs.c:93:9:93:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| ifs.c:93:9:93:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
-| ifs.c:93:9:93:10 | i4 | semmle.label | i4 |
 | ifs.c:98:8:98:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:98:8:98:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:99:9:99:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | ifs.c:99:9:99:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | ifs.c:99:9:99:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| ifs.c:99:9:99:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
-| ifs.c:99:9:99:10 | i5 | semmle.label | i5 |
 | ifs.c:105:8:105:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:105:8:105:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:106:9:106:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
 | ifs.c:106:9:106:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
 | ifs.c:106:9:106:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
-| ifs.c:106:9:106:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
-| ifs.c:106:9:106:10 | i6 | semmle.label | i6 |
 | ifs.c:111:8:111:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:111:8:111:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:112:9:112:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | ifs.c:112:9:112:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | ifs.c:112:9:112:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
-| ifs.c:112:9:112:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
-| ifs.c:112:9:112:10 | i7 | semmle.label | i7 |
 | ifs.c:117:8:117:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:117:8:117:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:118:9:118:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | ifs.c:118:9:118:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | ifs.c:118:9:118:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
-| ifs.c:118:9:118:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
-| ifs.c:118:9:118:10 | i8 | semmle.label | i8 |
 | ifs.c:123:8:123:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:123:8:123:11 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | ifs.c:124:9:124:10 | i9 | semmle.label | i9 |
 | ifs.c:124:9:124:10 | i9 | semmle.label | i9 |
 | ifs.c:124:9:124:10 | i9 | semmle.label | i9 |
-| ifs.c:124:9:124:10 | i9 | semmle.label | i9 |
-| ifs.c:124:9:124:10 | i9 | semmle.label | i9 |
 #select
 | ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | ifs.c:61:8:61:11 | argv | ifs.c:62:9:62:10 | c7 | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to printf(format). | ifs.c:61:8:61:11 | argv | argv |
 | ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | ifs.c:68:8:68:11 | argv | ifs.c:69:9:69:10 | c8 | The value of this argument may come from $@ and is being used as a formatting argument to printf(format). | ifs.c:68:8:68:11 | argv | argv |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/SAMATE/ArithmeticTainted.expected

@@ -9,6 +9,5 @@ nodes
 | examples.cpp:63:26:63:30 | fscanf output argument | semmle.label | fscanf output argument |
 | examples.cpp:66:11:66:14 | data | semmle.label | data |
 | examples.cpp:66:11:66:14 | data | semmle.label | data |
-| examples.cpp:66:11:66:14 | data | semmle.label | data |
 #select
 | examples.cpp:66:11:66:14 | data | examples.cpp:63:26:63:30 | & ... | examples.cpp:66:11:66:14 | data | $@ flows to an operand of an arithmetic expression, potentially causing an underflow. | examples.cpp:63:26:63:30 | & ... | User-provided value |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/semmle/tainted/ArithmeticTainted.expected

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ nodes
 | test2.cpp:12:21:12:21 | v | semmle.label | v |
 | test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | semmle.label | v |
 | test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | semmle.label | v |
-| test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | semmle.label | v |
 | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | & ... | semmle.label | & ... |
 | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | & ... | semmle.label | & ... |
 | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | fscanf output argument | semmle.label | fscanf output argument |
@@ -44,31 +43,24 @@ nodes
 | test5.cpp:9:7:9:9 | gets output argument | semmle.label | gets output argument |
 | test5.cpp:17:6:17:18 | call to getTaintedInt | semmle.label | call to getTaintedInt |
 | test5.cpp:17:6:17:18 | call to getTaintedInt | semmle.label | call to getTaintedInt |
-| test5.cpp:17:6:17:18 | call to getTaintedInt | semmle.label | call to getTaintedInt |
-| test5.cpp:18:6:18:18 | call to getTaintedInt | semmle.label | call to getTaintedInt |
-| test5.cpp:19:6:19:6 | y | semmle.label | y |
 | test5.cpp:19:6:19:6 | y | semmle.label | y |
 | test5.cpp:19:6:19:6 | y | semmle.label | y |
 | test.c:11:29:11:32 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:11:29:11:32 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:14:15:14:28 | maxConnections | semmle.label | maxConnections |
 | test.c:14:15:14:28 | maxConnections | semmle.label | maxConnections |
-| test.c:14:15:14:28 | maxConnections | semmle.label | maxConnections |
 | test.c:17:30:17:33 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:17:30:17:33 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:19:17:19:31 | maxConnections2 | semmle.label | maxConnections2 |
 | test.c:19:17:19:31 | maxConnections2 | semmle.label | maxConnections2 |
-| test.c:19:17:19:31 | maxConnections2 | semmle.label | maxConnections2 |
 | test.c:41:17:41:20 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:41:17:41:20 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:44:7:44:10 | len2 | semmle.label | len2 |
 | test.c:44:7:44:10 | len2 | semmle.label | len2 |
-| test.c:44:7:44:10 | len2 | semmle.label | len2 |
 | test.c:51:17:51:20 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:51:17:51:20 | argv | semmle.label | argv |
 | test.c:54:7:54:10 | len3 | semmle.label | len3 |
 | test.c:54:7:54:10 | len3 | semmle.label | len3 |
-| test.c:54:7:54:10 | len3 | semmle.label | len3 |
 #select
 | test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | & ... | test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | $@ flows to an operand of an arithmetic expression, potentially causing an overflow. | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | & ... | User-provided value |
 | test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | & ... | test2.cpp:14:11:14:11 | v | $@ flows to an operand of an arithmetic expression, potentially causing an underflow. | test2.cpp:25:22:25:23 | & ... | User-provided value |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-190/semmle/tainted/qlpack.yml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 name: codeql/cpp-tests-cwe-190-tainted
 groups: [cpp, test]
 dependencies:
-  codeql/cpp-all: "*"
-  codeql/cpp-queries: "*"
+  codeql/cpp-all: ${workspace}
+  codeql/cpp-queries: ${workspace}
 extractor: cpp
 tests: .

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-290/semmle/AuthenticationBypass/AuthenticationBypass.expected

@@ -17,17 +17,14 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:16:25:16:42 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:20:14:20:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
 | test.cpp:20:14:20:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
-| test.cpp:20:14:20:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
 | test.cpp:27:25:27:30 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:27:25:27:42 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:31:14:31:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
 | test.cpp:31:14:31:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
-| test.cpp:31:14:31:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
 | test.cpp:38:25:38:30 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:38:25:38:42 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:42:14:42:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
 | test.cpp:42:14:42:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
-| test.cpp:42:14:42:20 | address | semmle.label | address |
 #select
 | test.cpp:20:7:20:12 | call to strcmp | test.cpp:16:25:16:30 | call to getenv | test.cpp:20:14:20:20 | address | Untrusted input $@ might be vulnerable to a spoofing attack. | test.cpp:16:25:16:30 | call to getenv | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:31:7:31:12 | call to strcmp | test.cpp:27:25:27:30 | call to getenv | test.cpp:31:14:31:20 | address | Untrusted input $@ might be vulnerable to a spoofing attack. | test.cpp:27:25:27:30 | call to getenv | call to getenv |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-807/semmle/TaintedCondition/TaintedCondition.expected

@@ -9,6 +9,5 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:20:29:20:47 | call to getenv | semmle.label | call to getenv |
 | test.cpp:24:10:24:35 | ! ... | semmle.label | ! ... |
 | test.cpp:24:11:24:16 | call to strcmp | semmle.label | call to strcmp |
-| test.cpp:24:11:24:16 | call to strcmp | semmle.label | call to strcmp |
 #select
 | test.cpp:24:10:24:35 | ! ... | test.cpp:20:29:20:34 | call to getenv | test.cpp:24:10:24:35 | ! ... | Reliance on untrusted input $@ to raise privilege at $@. | test.cpp:20:29:20:34 | call to getenv | call to getenv | test.cpp:25:9:25:27 | ... = ... | ... = ... |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/jsf/4.10 Classes/AV Rule 76/AV Rule 76.expected

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+| test.cpp:5:7:5:12 | Class2 | AV Rule 76: A copy constructor and an assignment operator shall be declared for classes that contain pointers to data items or nontrivial destructors. |
+| test.cpp:16:7:16:12 | Class3 | AV Rule 76: A copy constructor and an assignment operator shall be declared for classes that contain pointers to data items or nontrivial destructors. |
+| test.cpp:33:7:33:12 | Class4 | AV Rule 76: A copy constructor and an assignment operator shall be declared for classes that contain pointers to data items or nontrivial destructors. |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/jsf/4.10 Classes/AV Rule 76/AV Rule 76.qlref

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+jsf/4.10 Classes/AV Rule 76.ql

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/jsf/4.10 Classes/AV Rule 76/test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+class Class1 // good: no pointer members, default assignment operator and copy constructor
+{
+};
+
+class Class2 // bad: pointer members, default assignment operator and copy constructor
+{
+private:
+    int* _a;
+
+public:
+    Class2(int* a):_a(a)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+class Class3 // bad: pointer members, custom assignment operator and default copy constructor
+{
+private:
+    int* _a;
+
+public:
+    Class3(int* a) :_a(a)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Class3& operator=(const Class3& rhs)
+    {
+        this->_a = rhs._a;
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
+class Class4 // bad: pointer members, default assignment operator and custom copy constructor
+{
+private:
+    int* _a;
+
+public:
+    Class4(int* a) :_a(a)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Class4(const Class4& rhs):_a(rhs._a)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+class Class5  // good: pointer members, custom assignment operator and copy constructor
+{
+private:
+    int* _a;
+
+public:
+    Class5(int* a) :_a(a)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Class5(const Class5& rhs) :_a(rhs._a)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Class5& operator=(const Class5& rhs)
+    {
+        this->_a = rhs._a;
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
+class Class6 // good: pointer members, deleted assignment operator and copy constructor
+{
+private:
+    int* _a;
+
+public:
+    Class6(int* a) :_a(a)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Class6& operator=(const Class6& rhs) = delete;
+    Class6(const Class6& rhs) = delete;
+};
+
+class Class7 // good: pointer members, disallowed assignment operator and copy constructor
+{
+private:
+    int* _a;
+
+public:
+    Class7(int* a) :_a(a)
+    {
+    }
+
+private:
+    Class7& operator=(const Class7& rhs); // no implementation to get linker error!
+    Class7(const Class7& rhs); // no implementation to get linker error!
+};

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/lib/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 1.3.3
+
+No user-facing changes.
+
 ## 1.3.2
 
 No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/lib/change-notes/released/1.3.3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 1.3.3
+
+No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/lib/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 1.3.2
+lastReleaseVersion: 1.3.3

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/lib/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 name: codeql/csharp-solorigate-all
-version: 1.3.3-dev
+version: 1.3.4-dev
 groups:
     - csharp
     - solorigate
 library: true
 dependencies:
-    codeql/csharp-all: "*"
+    codeql/csharp-all: ${workspace}

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/src/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 1.3.3
+
+No user-facing changes.
+
 ## 1.3.2
 
 No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/src/change-notes/released/1.3.3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 1.3.3
+
+No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/src/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 1.3.2
+lastReleaseVersion: 1.3.3

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/src/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 name: codeql/csharp-solorigate-queries
-version: 1.3.3-dev
+version: 1.3.4-dev
 groups:
     - csharp
     - solorigate
 defaultSuiteFile: codeql-suites/solorigate.qls
 dependencies:
-    codeql/csharp-all: "*"
-    codeql/csharp-solorigate-all: "*"
+    codeql/csharp-all: ${workspace}
+    codeql/csharp-solorigate-all: ${workspace}

csharp/ql/campaigns/Solorigate/test/qlpack.yml

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ groups:
     - solorigate
     - test
 dependencies:
-  codeql/csharp-all: "*"
-  codeql/csharp-queries: "*"
-  codeql/csharp-solorigate-all: "*"
-  codeql/csharp-solorigate-queries: "*"
+  codeql/csharp-all: ${workspace}
+  codeql/csharp-queries: ${workspace}
+  codeql/csharp-solorigate-all: ${workspace}
+  codeql/csharp-solorigate-queries: ${workspace}
 extractor: csharp
 tests: .

csharp/ql/consistency-queries/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: codeql-csharp-consistency-queries
 groups: [csharp, test, consistency-queries]
 dependencies:
-  codeql/csharp-all: "*"
+  codeql/csharp-all: ${workspace}
 extractor: csharp

csharp/ql/examples/qlpack.yml

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ groups:
   - csharp
   - examples
 dependencies:
-  codeql/csharp-all: "*"
+  codeql/csharp-all: ${workspace}

csharp/ql/lib/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+No user-facing changes.
+
 ## 0.4.2
 
 No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/lib/change-notes/released/0.4.3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/lib/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.2
+lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.3

csharp/ql/lib/qlpack.yml

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 name: codeql/csharp-all
-version: 0.4.3-dev
+version: 0.4.4-dev
 groups: csharp
 dbscheme: semmlecode.csharp.dbscheme
 extractor: csharp
 library: true
 upgrades: upgrades
 dependencies:
-  codeql/ssa: 0.0.1 
+  codeql/ssa: ${workspace}

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl2.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl3.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl4.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImpl5.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowImplForContentDataFlow.qll

@@ -2629,6 +2629,7 @@ private predicate evalUnfold(AccessPathApprox apa, boolean unfold, Configuration
 /**
  * Gets the number of `AccessPath`s that correspond to `apa`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   evalUnfold(apa, false, config) and
   result = 1 and
@@ -2647,6 +2648,7 @@ private int countAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
  * that it is expanded to a precise head-tail representation.
  */
 language[monotonicAggregates]
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 private int countPotentialAps(AccessPathApprox apa, Configuration config) {
   apa instanceof AccessPathApproxNil and result = 1
   or
@@ -2681,6 +2683,7 @@ private newtype TAccessPath =
   }
 
 private newtype TPathNode =
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   TPathNodeMid(
     NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap, Configuration config
   ) {
@@ -2778,6 +2781,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
 
   override AccessPathFrontHead getFront() { result = TFrontHead(head) }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override AccessPathApproxCons getApprox() {
     result = TConsNil(head, tail.(AccessPathNil).getType())
     or
@@ -2786,6 +2790,7 @@ private class AccessPathCons extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons {
     result = TCons1(head, this.length())
   }
 
+  pragma[assume_small_delta]
   override int length() { result = 1 + tail.length() }
 
   private string toStringImpl(boolean needsSuffix) {
@@ -2874,54 +2879,16 @@ private class AccessPathCons1 extends AccessPath, TAccessPathCons1 {
   }
 }
 
-/**
- * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
- * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source are generated.
- */
-class PathNode extends TPathNode {
-  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
-  string toString() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
-   * representation of the call context.
-   */
-  string toStringWithContext() { none() }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
-   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
-   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
-   * For more information, see
-   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
-   */
-  predicate hasLocationInfo(
-    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
-  ) {
-    none()
-  }
-
-  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
-  final Node getNode() { this.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
-
+abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends TPathNode {
   /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
-  FlowState getState() { none() }
+  abstract FlowState getState();
 
   /** Gets the associated configuration. */
-  Configuration getConfiguration() { none() }
-
-  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
-  final PathNode getASuccessor() {
-    result = this.(PathNodeImpl).getANonHiddenSuccessor() and
-    reach(this) and
-    reach(result)
-  }
+  abstract Configuration getConfiguration();
 
   /** Holds if this node is a source. */
-  predicate isSource() { none() }
-}
+  abstract predicate isSource();
 
-abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
   abstract PathNodeImpl getASuccessorImpl();
 
   private PathNodeImpl getASuccessorIfHidden() {
@@ -2967,13 +2934,23 @@ abstract private class PathNodeImpl extends PathNode {
     result = " <" + this.(PathNodeMid).getCallContext().toString() + ">"
   }
 
-  override string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  string toString() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() }
 
-  override string toStringWithContext() {
-    result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx()
-  }
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  string toStringWithContext() { result = this.getNodeEx().toString() + this.ppAp() + this.ppCtx() }
 
-  override predicate hasLocationInfo(
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  predicate hasLocationInfo(
     string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
   ) {
     this.getNodeEx().hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
@@ -2986,14 +2963,59 @@ private predicate directReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
 }
 
 /** Holds if `n` can reach a sink or is used in a subpath that can reach a sink. */
-private predicate reach(PathNode n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
+private predicate reach(PathNodeImpl n) { directReach(n) or Subpaths::retReach(n) }
 
 /** Holds if `n1.getASuccessor() = n2` and `n2` can reach a sink. */
-private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNode n2) {
+private predicate pathSucc(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) {
   n1.getANonHiddenSuccessor() = n2 and directReach(n2)
 }
 
-private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNode n1, PathNode n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+private predicate pathSuccPlus(PathNodeImpl n1, PathNodeImpl n2) = fastTC(pathSucc/2)(n1, n2)
+
+/**
+ * A `Node` augmented with a call context (except for sinks), an access path, and a configuration.
+ * Only those `PathNode`s that are reachable from a source, and which can reach a sink, are generated.
+ */
+class PathNode instanceof PathNodeImpl {
+  PathNode() { reach(this) }
+
+  /** Gets a textual representation of this element. */
+  final string toString() { result = super.toString() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a textual representation of this element, including a textual
+   * representation of the call context.
+   */
+  final string toStringWithContext() { result = super.toStringWithContext() }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if this element is at the specified location.
+   * The location spans column `startcolumn` of line `startline` to
+   * column `endcolumn` of line `endline` in file `filepath`.
+   * For more information, see
+   * [Locations](https://codeql.github.com/docs/writing-codeql-queries/providing-locations-in-codeql-queries/).
+   */
+  final predicate hasLocationInfo(
+    string filepath, int startline, int startcolumn, int endline, int endcolumn
+  ) {
+    super.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, startcolumn, endline, endcolumn)
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the underlying `Node`. */
+  final Node getNode() { super.getNodeEx().projectToNode() = result }
+
+  /** Gets the `FlowState` of this node. */
+  final FlowState getState() { result = super.getState() }
+
+  /** Gets the associated configuration. */
+  final Configuration getConfiguration() { result = super.getConfiguration() }
+
+  /** Gets a successor of this node, if any. */
+  final PathNode getASuccessor() { result = super.getANonHiddenSuccessor() }
+
+  /** Holds if this node is a source. */
+  final predicate isSource() { super.isSource() }
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides the query predicates needed to include a graph in a path-problem query.
@@ -3004,7 +3026,7 @@ module PathGraph {
 
   /** Holds if `n` is a node in the graph of data flow path explanations. */
   query predicate nodes(PathNode n, string key, string val) {
-    reach(n) and key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
+    key = "semmle.label" and val = n.toString()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3013,11 +3035,7 @@ module PathGraph {
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
   query predicate subpaths(PathNode arg, PathNode par, PathNode ret, PathNode out) {
-    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out) and
-    reach(arg) and
-    reach(par) and
-    reach(ret) and
-    reach(out)
+    Subpaths::subpaths(arg, par, ret, out)
   }
 }
 
@@ -3142,6 +3160,7 @@ private predicate pathNode(
  * Holds if data may flow from `mid` to `node`. The last step in or out of
  * a callable is recorded by `cc`.
  */
+pragma[assume_small_delta]
 pragma[nomagic]
 private predicate pathStep(
   PathNodeMid mid, NodeEx node, FlowState state, CallContext cc, SummaryCtx sc, AccessPath ap
@@ -3399,7 +3418,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths02(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind,
     NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     subpaths01(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3407,14 +3426,14 @@ private module Subpaths {
   }
 
   pragma[nomagic]
-  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNode n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
+  private Configuration getPathNodeConf(PathNodeImpl n) { result = n.getConfiguration() }
 
   /**
    * Holds if `(arg, par, ret, out)` forms a subpath-tuple.
    */
   pragma[nomagic]
   private predicate subpaths03(
-    PathNode arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
+    PathNodeImpl arg, ParamNodeEx par, PathNodeMid ret, NodeEx out, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout
   ) {
     exists(SummaryCtxSome sc, CallContext innercc, ReturnKindExt kind, RetNodeEx retnode |
       subpaths02(arg, par, sc, innercc, kind, out, sout, apout) and
@@ -3444,7 +3463,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * a subpath between `par` and `ret` with the connecting edges `arg -> par` and
    * `ret -> out` is summarized as the edge `arg -> out`.
    */
-  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNode out) {
+  predicate subpaths(PathNodeImpl arg, PathNodeImpl par, PathNodeImpl ret, PathNodeImpl out) {
     exists(ParamNodeEx p, NodeEx o, FlowState sout, AccessPath apout, PathNodeMid out0 |
       pragma[only_bind_into](arg).getANonHiddenSuccessor() = pragma[only_bind_into](out0) and
       subpaths03(pragma[only_bind_into](arg), p, localStepToHidden*(ret), o, sout, apout) and
@@ -3460,7 +3479,7 @@ private module Subpaths {
    * Holds if `n` can reach a return node in a summarized subpath that can reach a sink.
    */
   predicate retReach(PathNodeImpl n) {
-    exists(PathNode out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
+    exists(PathNodeImpl out | subpaths(_, _, n, out) | directReach(out) or retReach(out))
     or
     exists(PathNodeImpl mid |
       retReach(mid) and
@@ -3477,11 +3496,12 @@ private module Subpaths {
  * sinks.
  */
 private predicate flowsTo(
-  PathNode flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink, Configuration configuration
+  PathNodeImpl flowsource, PathNodeSink flowsink, Node source, Node sink,
+  Configuration configuration
 ) {
   flowsource.isSource() and
   flowsource.getConfiguration() = configuration and
-  flowsource.(PathNodeImpl).getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
+  flowsource.getNodeEx().asNode() = source and
   (flowsource = flowsink or pathSuccPlus(flowsource, flowsink)) and
   flowsink.getNodeEx().asNode() = sink
 }
@@ -3504,14 +3524,14 @@ private predicate finalStats(
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0)) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap)) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state)) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
+  tuples = count(PathNodeImpl pn)
   or
   fwd = false and
   nodes = count(NodeEx n0 | exists(PathNodeImpl pn | pn.getNodeEx() = n0 and reach(pn))) and
   fields = count(TypedContent f0 | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp().getHead() = f0 and reach(pn))) and
   conscand = count(AccessPath ap | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getAp() = ap and reach(pn))) and
   states = count(FlowState state | exists(PathNodeMid pn | pn.getState() = state and reach(pn))) and
-  tuples = count(PathNode pn | reach(pn))
+  tuples = count(PathNode pn)
 }
 
 /**

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll

@@ -310,12 +310,27 @@ module LocalFlow {
    * Holds if `nodeFrom` is a last node referencing SSA definition `def`, which
    * can reach `next`.
    */
-  private predicate localFlowSsaInput(Node nodeFrom, Ssa::Definition def, Ssa::Definition next) {
-    exists(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb, int i | SsaImpl::lastRefBeforeRedef(def, bb, i, next) |
+  private predicate localFlowSsaInputFromDef(
+    Node nodeFrom, Ssa::Definition def, Ssa::Definition next
+  ) {
+    exists(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb, int i |
+      SsaImpl::lastRefBeforeRedef(def, bb, i, next) and
       def.definesAt(_, bb, i) and
       def = getSsaDefinition(nodeFrom)
-      or
-      nodeFrom.asExprAtNode(bb.getNode(i)) instanceof AssignableRead
+    )
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Holds if `read` is a last node reading SSA definition `def`, which
+   * can reach `next`.
+   */
+  predicate localFlowSsaInputFromExpr(
+    ControlFlow::Node read, Ssa::Definition def, Ssa::Definition next
+  ) {
+    exists(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb, int i |
+      SsaImpl::lastRefBeforeRedef(def, bb, i, next) and
+      read = bb.getNode(i) and
+      read.getElement() instanceof AssignableRead
     )
   }
 
@@ -351,18 +366,14 @@ module LocalFlow {
     // Flow from read to next read
     localSsaFlowStepUseUse(def, nodeFrom.(PostUpdateNode).getPreUpdateNode(), nodeTo)
     or
-    // Flow into phi node
-    exists(Ssa::PhiNode phi |
-      localFlowSsaInput(nodeFrom, def, phi) and
-      phi = nodeTo.(SsaDefinitionNode).getDefinition() and
-      def = phi.getAnInput()
-    )
-    or
-    // Flow into uncertain SSA definition
-    exists(LocalFlow::UncertainExplicitSsaDefinition uncertain |
-      localFlowSsaInput(nodeFrom, def, uncertain) and
-      uncertain = nodeTo.(SsaDefinitionNode).getDefinition() and
-      def = uncertain.getPriorDefinition()
+    // Flow into phi/uncertain SSA definition node from def
+    exists(Ssa::Definition next |
+      localFlowSsaInputFromDef(nodeFrom, def, next) and
+      next = nodeTo.(SsaDefinitionNode).getDefinition()
+    |
+      def = next.(Ssa::PhiNode).getAnInput()
+      or
+      def = next.(LocalFlow::UncertainExplicitSsaDefinition).getPriorDefinition()
     )
   }
 
@@ -519,11 +530,26 @@ predicate simpleLocalFlowStep(Node nodeFrom, Node nodeTo) {
   or
   exists(Ssa::Definition def |
     LocalFlow::localSsaFlowStepUseUse(def, nodeFrom, nodeTo) and
-    not FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::prohibitsUseUseFlow(nodeFrom,
-      any(DataFlowSummarizedCallable sc)) and
+    not FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::prohibitsUseUseFlow(nodeFrom, _) and
     not LocalFlow::usesInstanceField(def)
   )
   or
+  // Flow into phi/uncertain SSA definition node from read
+  exists(Ssa::Definition def, ControlFlow::Node read, Ssa::Definition next |
+    LocalFlow::localFlowSsaInputFromExpr(read, def, next) and
+    next = nodeTo.(SsaDefinitionNode).getDefinition() and
+    def =
+      [
+        next.(Ssa::PhiNode).getAnInput(),
+        next.(LocalFlow::UncertainExplicitSsaDefinition).getPriorDefinition()
+      ]
+  |
+    exists(nodeFrom.asExprAtNode(read)) and
+    not FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::prohibitsUseUseFlow(nodeFrom, _)
+    or
+    exists(nodeFrom.(PostUpdateNode).getPreUpdateNode().asExprAtNode(read))
+  )
+  or
   LocalFlow::localFlowCapturedVarStep(nodeFrom, nodeTo)
   or
   FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::summaryLocalStep(nodeFrom, nodeTo, true)
@@ -859,6 +885,21 @@ private module Cached {
       LocalFlow::usesInstanceField(def)
     )
     or
+    // Flow into phi/uncertain SSA definition node from read
+    exists(Ssa::Definition def, ControlFlow::Node read, Ssa::Definition next |
+      LocalFlow::localFlowSsaInputFromExpr(read, def, next) and
+      next = nodeTo.(SsaDefinitionNode).getDefinition() and
+      def =
+        [
+          next.(Ssa::PhiNode).getAnInput(),
+          next.(LocalFlow::UncertainExplicitSsaDefinition).getPriorDefinition()
+        ]
+    |
+      exists(nodeFrom.asExprAtNode(read))
+      or
+      exists(nodeFrom.(PostUpdateNode).getPreUpdateNode().asExprAtNode(read))
+    )
+    or
     // Simple flow through library code is included in the exposed local
     // step relation, even though flow is technically inter-procedural
     FlowSummaryImpl::Private::Steps::summaryThroughStepValue(nodeFrom, nodeTo,

csharp/ql/lib/semmle/code/csharp/dataflow/internal/SsaImpl.qll

@@ -1067,6 +1067,59 @@ private predicate variableReadPseudo(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb, int i, Ssa::Sou
   capturedReadIn(bb, i, v, _, _, _)
 }
 
+pragma[noinline]
+private predicate adjacentDefRead(
+  Definition def, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb1, int i1, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb2, int i2,
+  SsaInput::SourceVariable v
+) {
+  adjacentDefRead(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
+  v = def.getSourceVariable()
+}
+
+private predicate adjacentDefReachesRead(
+  Definition def, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb1, int i1, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb2, int i2
+) {
+  exists(SsaInput::SourceVariable v | adjacentDefRead(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2, v) |
+    def.definesAt(v, bb1, i1)
+    or
+    SsaInput::variableRead(bb1, i1, v, true)
+  )
+  or
+  exists(SsaInput::BasicBlock bb3, int i3 |
+    adjacentDefReachesRead(def, bb1, i1, bb3, i3) and
+    SsaInput::variableRead(bb3, i3, _, false) and
+    adjacentDefRead(def, bb3, i3, bb2, i2)
+  )
+}
+
+/** Same as `adjacentDefRead`, but skips uncertain reads. */
+pragma[nomagic]
+private predicate adjacentDefSkipUncertainReads(
+  Definition def, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb1, int i1, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb2, int i2
+) {
+  adjacentDefReachesRead(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
+  SsaInput::variableRead(bb2, i2, _, true)
+}
+
+private predicate adjacentDefReachesUncertainRead(
+  Definition def, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb1, int i1, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb2, int i2
+) {
+  adjacentDefReachesRead(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
+  SsaInput::variableRead(bb2, i2, _, false)
+}
+
+/** Same as `lastRefRedef`, but skips uncertain reads. */
+pragma[nomagic]
+private predicate lastRefSkipUncertainReads(Definition def, SsaInput::BasicBlock bb, int i) {
+  lastRef(def, bb, i) and
+  not SsaInput::variableRead(bb, i, def.getSourceVariable(), false)
+  or
+  exists(SsaInput::BasicBlock bb0, int i0 |
+    lastRef(def, bb0, i0) and
+    adjacentDefReachesUncertainRead(def, bb, i, bb0, i0)
+  )
+}
+
 cached
 private module Cached {
   cached
@@ -1237,7 +1290,7 @@ private module Cached {
   predicate firstReadSameVar(Definition def, ControlFlow::Node cfn) {
     exists(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb1, int i1, ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb2, int i2 |
       def.definesAt(_, bb1, i1) and
-      adjacentDefNoUncertainReads(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
+      adjacentDefSkipUncertainReads(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
       cfn = bb2.getNode(i2)
     )
   }
@@ -1252,20 +1305,27 @@ private module Cached {
     exists(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb1, int i1, ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb2, int i2 |
       cfn1 = bb1.getNode(i1) and
       variableReadActual(bb1, i1, _) and
-      adjacentDefNoUncertainReads(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
+      adjacentDefSkipUncertainReads(def, bb1, i1, bb2, i2) and
       cfn2 = bb2.getNode(i2)
     )
   }
 
+  /** Same as `lastRefRedef`, but skips uncertain reads. */
   cached
   predicate lastRefBeforeRedef(Definition def, ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb, int i, Definition next) {
-    lastRefRedefNoUncertainReads(def, bb, i, next)
+    lastRefRedef(def, bb, i, next) and
+    not SsaInput::variableRead(bb, i, def.getSourceVariable(), false)
+    or
+    exists(SsaInput::BasicBlock bb0, int i0 |
+      lastRefRedef(def, bb0, i0, next) and
+      adjacentDefReachesUncertainRead(def, bb, i, bb0, i0)
+    )
   }
 
   cached
   predicate lastReadSameVar(Definition def, ControlFlow::Node cfn) {
     exists(ControlFlow::BasicBlock bb, int i |
-      lastRefNoUncertainReads(def, bb, i) and
+      lastRefSkipUncertainReads(def, bb, i) and
       variableReadActual(bb, i, _) and
       cfn = bb.getNode(i)
     )

csharp/ql/src/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+No user-facing changes.
+
 ## 0.4.2
 
 No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/src/Metrics/Summaries/LinesOfCode.ql

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /**
  * @id cs/summary/lines-of-code
- * @name Total lines of code in the database
+ * @name Total lines of C# code in the database
  * @description The total number of lines of code across all files. This is a useful metric of the size of a database. For all files that were seen during the build, this query counts the lines of code, excluding whitespace or comments.
  * @kind metric
  * @tags summary

csharp/ql/src/change-notes/released/0.4.3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 0.4.3
+
+No user-facing changes.

csharp/ql/src/codeql-pack.release.yml

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 ---
-lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.2
+lastReleaseVersion: 0.4.3