diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/package.json b/extensions/ql-vscode/package.json
index d4341fd23..256c59d49 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/package.json
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/package.json
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
     "onCommand:codeQLDatabases.chooseDatabase",
     "onCommand:codeQLDatabases.setCurrentDatabase",
     "onCommand:codeQLDatabasesExperimental.openConfigFile",
+    "onCommand:codeQLDatabasesExperimental.addNewList",
     "onCommand:codeQLDatabasesExperimental.setSelectedItem",
     "onCommand:codeQL.quickQuery",
     "onCommand:codeQL.restartQueryServer",
@@ -361,10 +362,12 @@
       {
         "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.openConfigFile",
         "title": "Open Database Configuration File",
-        "icon": {
-          "light": "media/light/edit.svg",
-          "dark": "media/dark/edit.svg"
-        }
+        "icon": "$(edit)"
+      },
+      {
+        "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.addNewList",
+        "title": "Add new list",
+        "icon": "$(new-folder)"
       },
       {
         "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.setSelectedItem",
@@ -774,6 +777,11 @@
           "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.openConfigFile",
           "when": "view == codeQLDatabasesExperimental",
           "group": "navigation"
+        },
+        {
+          "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.addNewList",
+          "when": "view == codeQLDatabasesExperimental",
+          "group": "navigation"
         }
       ],
       "view/item/context": [
@@ -997,6 +1005,10 @@
           "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.openConfigFile",
           "when": "false"
         },
+        {
+          "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.addNewList",
+          "when": "false"
+        },
         {
           "command": "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.setSelectedItem",
           "when": "false"
diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/config/db-config-store.ts b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/config/db-config-store.ts
index 6e272830b..cc912e2d0 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/config/db-config-store.ts
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/config/db-config-store.ts
@@ -90,6 +90,21 @@ export class DbConfigStore extends DisposableObject {
     await this.writeConfig(config);
   }
 
+  public async addRemoteList(listName: string): Promise<void> {
+    if (!this.config) {
+      throw Error("Cannot add remote list if config is not loaded");
+    }
+
+    const config: DbConfig = cloneDbConfig(this.config);
+    config.databases.remote.repositoryLists.push({
+      name: listName,
+      repositories: [],
+    });
+
+    // TODO: validate that the name doesn't already exist
+    await this.writeConfig(config);
+  }
+
   private async writeConfig(config: DbConfig): Promise<void> {
     await writeJSON(this.configPath, config, {
       spaces: 2,
diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/db-manager.ts b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/db-manager.ts
index 6675970a9..961029b25 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/db-manager.ts
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/db-manager.ts
@@ -73,4 +73,8 @@ export class DbManager {
 
     await this.dbConfigStore.updateExpandedState(newExpandedItems);
   }
+
+  public async addNewRemoteList(listName: string): Promise<void> {
+    await this.dbConfigStore.addRemoteList(listName);
+  }
 }
diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/ui/db-panel.ts b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/ui/db-panel.ts
index 64f8fbec1..77d6bdc59 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/ui/db-panel.ts
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/databases/ui/db-panel.ts
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ export class DbPanel extends DisposableObject {
         this.openConfigFile(),
       ),
     );
+    this.push(
+      commandRunner("codeQLDatabasesExperimental.addNewList", () =>
+        this.addNewRemoteList(),
+      ),
+    );
     this.push(
       commandRunner(
         "codeQLDatabasesExperimental.setSelectedItem",
@@ -52,6 +57,18 @@ export class DbPanel extends DisposableObject {
     await window.showTextDocument(document);
   }
 
+  private async addNewRemoteList(): Promise<void> {
+    // TODO: check that config exists *before* showing the input box
+    const listName = await window.showInputBox({
+      prompt: "Enter a name for the new list",
+      placeHolder: "example-list",
+    });
+    if (listName === undefined) {
+      return;
+    }
+    await this.dbManager.addNewRemoteList(listName);
+  }
+
   private async setSelectedItem(treeViewItem: DbTreeViewItem): Promise<void> {
     if (treeViewItem.dbItem === undefined) {
       throw new Error(
diff --git a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/vscode-tests/minimal-workspace/databases/db-panel.test.ts b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/vscode-tests/minimal-workspace/databases/db-panel.test.ts
index 854b77ce2..22390bc18 100644
--- a/extensions/ql-vscode/src/vscode-tests/minimal-workspace/databases/db-panel.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/ql-vscode/src/vscode-tests/minimal-workspace/databases/db-panel.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { TreeItemCollapsibleState, ThemeIcon } from "vscode";
 import { join } from "path";
-import { ensureDir, remove, writeJson } from "fs-extra";
+import { ensureDir, readJSON, remove, writeJson } from "fs-extra";
 import {
   DbConfig,
   SelectedDbItemKind,
@@ -531,6 +531,66 @@ describe("db panel", () => {
     }
   });
 
+  it("should add a new list to the remote db list", async () => {
+    const dbConfig: DbConfig = {
+      databases: {
+        remote: {
+          repositoryLists: [
+            {
+              name: "my-list-1",
+              repositories: ["owner1/repo1", "owner1/repo2"],
+            },
+          ],
+          owners: [],
+          repositories: [],
+        },
+        local: {
+          lists: [],
+          databases: [],
+        },
+      },
+      expanded: [],
+      selected: {
+        kind: SelectedDbItemKind.RemoteUserDefinedList,
+        listName: "my-list-1",
+      },
+    };
+
+    await saveDbConfig(dbConfig);
+
+    const dbTreeItems = await dbTreeDataProvider.getChildren();
+
+    expect(dbTreeItems).toBeTruthy();
+    const items = dbTreeItems!;
+
+    const remoteRootNode = items[0];
+    const remoteUserDefinedLists = remoteRootNode.children.filter(
+      (c) => c.dbItem?.kind === DbItemKind.RemoteUserDefinedList,
+    );
+    const list1 = remoteRootNode.children.find(
+      (c) =>
+        c.dbItem?.kind === DbItemKind.RemoteUserDefinedList &&
+        c.dbItem?.listName === "my-list-1",
+    );
+
+    expect(remoteUserDefinedLists.length).toBe(1);
+    expect(remoteUserDefinedLists[0]).toBe(list1);
+
+    await dbManager.addNewRemoteList("my-list-2");
+
+    // Read the workspace databases JSON file directly to check that the new list has been added.
+    // We can't use the dbConfigStore's `read` function here because it depends on the file watcher
+    // picking up changes, and we don't control the timing of that.
+    const dbConfigFileContents = await readJSON(dbConfigFilePath);
+    expect(dbConfigFileContents.databases.remote.repositoryLists.length).toBe(
+      2,
+    );
+    expect(dbConfigFileContents.databases.remote.repositoryLists[1]).toEqual({
+      name: "my-list-2",
+      repositories: [],
+    });
+  });
+
   async function saveDbConfig(dbConfig: DbConfig): Promise<void> {
     await writeJson(dbConfigFilePath, dbConfig);