Files
codeql/python/ql/src/Statements/ModificationOfLocals.ql
yoff ce66a466dd Python: switch dataflow library to new (shared) CFG + SSA
Flips the Python dataflow trunk from the legacy CFG (semmle/python/Flow.qll)
and legacy ESSA SSA (semmle/python/essa/*) to the new shared CFG facade
(semmle.python.controlflow.internal.Cfg) and the new SSA adapter
(semmle.python.dataflow.new.internal.SsaImpl), both introduced
additively in the preceding PRs in this stack.

This is the trunk-flip equivalent of the original draft PR #21894 (kept
around as documentation), rebased on top of the four preparatory PRs:

  P1: Remove AstNode.getAFlowNode() and rewrite callers (#21919).
  P2: Qualify Flow.qll's AST references with Py:: prefix (#21920).
  P3: Add new shared-CFG-backed control flow graph (#21921).
  P4: Add new shared-SSA-backed SSA adapter (#21923).

The Python dataflow library (semmle/python/dataflow/new/) now imports
the new CFG facade and SSA adapter. All CFG-typed predicates
(ControlFlowNode, CallNode, BasicBlock, NameNode, AttrNode, ...) are
qualified with the Cfg:: prefix; SSA references switch from
EssaVariable/EssaDefinition to SsaImpl::Definition/SourceVariable.

GuardNode is redesigned to use the new CFG's outcome-node model
(isAfterTrue / isAfterFalse) instead of the legacy ConditionBlock +
flipped indirection. Only BarrierGuard<...> is preserved as public
API.

Framework files (Bottle, FastApi, Django, Tornado, Pyramid, Stdlib,
...) are updated to take CFG nodes from the new facade.

A handful of dataflow consistency tweaks for the new CFG:
- Augmented-assignment targets are treated as both load and store.
- 'from X import *' produces uncertain SSA writes for unknown names.
- CFG nodes are canonicalised so dataflow does not see equivalent
  pre/post-order pairs as distinct nodes.

Two AST tweaks for the new CFG:
- AstNodeImpl: omit PEP 695 type-parameter names from
  FunctionDefExpr / ClassDefExpr children.
- ImportResolution: drop the legacy essa import.

Test churn (~175 files): reblessed library- and query-test .expected
files reflect slightly different CFG granularity, different toString
output, and a handful of true alert deltas in security queries.

Verification: all 367 lib + src + consistency-queries compile clean.

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-06-29 23:27:04 +00:00

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/**
* @name Modification of dictionary returned by locals()
* @description Modifications of the dictionary returned by locals() are not propagated to the local variables of a function.
* @kind problem
* @tags quality
* reliability
* correctness
* @problem.severity warning
* @sub-severity low
* @precision very-high
* @id py/modification-of-locals
*/
import python
private import semmle.python.ApiGraphs
private import semmle.python.dataflow.new.DataFlow
private import semmle.python.controlflow.internal.Cfg as Cfg
predicate originIsLocals(Cfg::ControlFlowNode n) {
// Only consider the `locals()` dictionary within the scope that called `locals()`.
// Once the dictionary is passed to another scope (e.g. as an argument or via an
// instance attribute) it is just an ordinary mapping, and modifying it is both
// meaningful and effective. Restricting to local (intraprocedural) flow ensures we
// only report modifications in the scope where the `locals()` gotcha actually applies.
exists(DataFlow::LocalSourceNode src, DataFlow::Node use |
src = API::builtin("locals").getReturn().asSource() and
src.flowsTo(use) and
use.asCfgNode() = n
)
}
predicate modification_of_locals(Cfg::ControlFlowNode f) {
originIsLocals(f.(Cfg::SubscriptNode).getObject()) and
(f.isStore() or f.isDelete())
or
exists(string mname, Cfg::AttrNode attr |
attr = f.(Cfg::CallNode).getFunction() and
originIsLocals(attr.getObject(mname))
|
mname in ["pop", "popitem", "update", "clear"]
)
}
from AstNode a, Cfg::ControlFlowNode f
where
modification_of_locals(f) and
a = f.getNode() and
// in module level scope `locals() == globals()`
// see https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#locals
// FP report in https://github.com/github/codeql/issues/6674
not a.getScope() instanceof Module and
// in class level scope `locals()` reflects the class namespace,
// so modifications do take effect.
not a.getScope() instanceof Class
select a, "Modification of the locals() dictionary will have no effect on the local variables."