class HelloWorld def call(env) status = 200 if something_goes_wrong(env) status = 500 end headers = {'Content-Type' => 'text/plain'} [status, headers, ['Hello World']] end end class Proxy def initialize(app) @app = app end def call(the_env) status, headers, body = @app.call(the_env) headers.content_type = "text/html" [status, headers, body] end end class Logger def initialize(app, logger = nil) @app = app @logger = logger end def call(env) began_at = Utils.clock_time status, header, body = @app.call(env) header = Utils::HeaderHash.new(header) body = BodyProxy.new(body) { log(env, status, header, began_at) } [status, header, body] end end class Redirector def call(env) status = 302 headers = {'location' => '/foo.html'} [status, headers, ['this is a redirect']] end end class Foo def not_call(env) [1, 2, 3] end end class Bar def call(env) nil end end class Baz def call(env) run(env) end def run(env) if env[:foo] == "foo" [200, {}, ["foo"]] else error end end def error [400, {}, ["nope"]] end end class Qux attr_reader :env def self.call(env) new(env).call end def initialize(env) @env = env end def call do_redirect end def do_redirect redirect_to = env['redirect_to'] Rack::Response.new(['redirecting'], 302, 'Location' => redirect_to).finish end end class UsesRequest def call(env) req = Rack::Request.new(env) if session = req.cookies['session'] reuse_session(session) else name = req.params['name'] password = req['password'] login(name, password) end end def login(name, password) [200, {}, "new session"] end def reuse_session(name, password) [200, {}, "reuse session"] end end class UsesEnvQueryParams def call(env) params = env['QUERY_STRING'] user = Rack::Utils.parse_query(params)["user"] [200, {}, [lookup_user_profile(user)]] end end