Open3.popen3("echo foo") Open3.popen2("echo foo") Open3.popen2e("echo foo") Open3.capture3("echo foo") Open3.capture2("echo foo") Open3.capture2e("echo foo") Open3.pipeline_rw("echo foo", "grep bar") Open3.pipeline_r("echo foo", "grep bar") Open3.pipeline_w("echo foo", "grep bar") Open3.pipeline_start("echo foo", "grep bar") Open3.pipeline("echo foo", "grep bar")