diff --git a/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/FlowSteps.qll b/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/FlowSteps.qll
index b0d98d2e659..787a5f72084 100644
--- a/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/FlowSteps.qll
+++ b/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/FlowSteps.qll
@@ -49,8 +49,15 @@ predicate envToEnvStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, DataFlow::
  *    echo "bar=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
  */
 predicate commandToOutputStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, DataFlow::ContentSet c) {
-  exists(CommandSource source, Run run, string key, string cmd |
-    source.getCommand() = cmd and
+  exists(Run run, string key, string cmd |
+    (
+      exists(CommandSource source | source.getCommand() = cmd)
+      or
+      exists(FileSource source |
+        source.asExpr().(Step).getAFollowingStep() = run and
+        Bash::outputsPartialFileContent(run, cmd)
+      )
+    ) and
     Bash::cmdReachingGitHubFileWrite(run, cmd, "GITHUB_OUTPUT", key) and
     c = any(DataFlow::FieldContent ct | ct.getName() = key) and
     pred.asExpr() = run.getScriptScalar() and
@@ -67,8 +74,15 @@ predicate commandToOutputStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, Dat
  *    echo "bar=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
  */
 predicate commandToEnvStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, DataFlow::ContentSet c) {
-  exists(CommandSource source, Run run, string key, string cmd |
-    source.getCommand() = cmd and
+  exists(Run run, string key, string cmd |
+    (
+      exists(CommandSource source | source.getCommand() = cmd)
+      or
+      exists(FileSource source |
+        source.asExpr().(Step).getAFollowingStep() = run and
+        Bash::outputsPartialFileContent(run, cmd)
+      )
+    ) and
     Bash::cmdReachingGitHubFileWrite(run, cmd, "GITHUB_ENV", key) and
     c = any(DataFlow::FieldContent ct | ct.getName() = key) and
     pred.asExpr() = run.getScriptScalar() and
@@ -76,41 +90,3 @@ predicate commandToEnvStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, DataFl
     succ.asExpr() = run.getEnclosingJob()
   )
 }
-
-/**
- * A downloaded artifact that gets assigned to a Run step output.
- * - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
- * - run: echo "::set-output name=id::$(<pr-id.txt)"
- * - run: |
- *    foo=$(<pr-id.txt)"
- *    echo "::set-output name=id::$foo
- */
-predicate fileToOutputStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, DataFlow::ContentSet c) {
-  exists(FileSource source, Run run, string key, string cmd |
-    source.asExpr().(Step).getAFollowingStep() = run and
-    Bash::cmdReachingGitHubFileWrite(run, cmd, "GITHUB_OUTPUT", key) and
-    Bash::outputsPartialFileContent(run, cmd) and
-    c = any(DataFlow::FieldContent ct | ct.getName() = key) and
-    pred.asExpr() = run.getScriptScalar() and
-    succ.asExpr() = run
-  )
-}
-
-/**
- * A downloaded artifact that gets assigned to an environment variable.
- * - run: echo "foo=$(<pr-id.txt)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
- * - run: |
- *    foo=$(<pr-id.txt)"
- *    echo "bar=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
- */
-predicate fileToEnvStoreStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ, DataFlow::ContentSet c) {
-  exists(FileSource source, Run run, string key, string cmd |
-    source.asExpr().(Step).getAFollowingStep() = run and
-    Bash::cmdReachingGitHubFileWrite(run, cmd, "GITHUB_ENV", key) and
-    Bash::outputsPartialFileContent(run, cmd) and
-    c = any(DataFlow::FieldContent ct | ct.getName() = key) and
-    pred.asExpr() = run.getScriptScalar() and
-    // we store the taint on the enclosing job since there may not be an implicit env attribute
-    succ.asExpr() = run.getEnclosingJob()
-  )
-}
diff --git a/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll b/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll
index d7c3dad9ee7..cf95292588c 100644
--- a/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll
+++ b/ql/lib/codeql/actions/dataflow/internal/DataFlowPrivate.qll
@@ -351,8 +351,6 @@ predicate storeStep(Node node1, ContentSet c, Node node2) {
   madStoreStep(node1, node2, c) or
   envToOutputStoreStep(node1, node2, c) or
   envToEnvStoreStep(node1, node2, c) or
-  fileToOutputStoreStep(node1, node2, c) or
-  fileToEnvStoreStep(node1, node2, c) or
   commandToOutputStoreStep(node1, node2, c) or
   commandToEnvStoreStep(node1, node2, c)
 }