Merge branch 'main' into mathiasvp/replace-ast-with-ir-use-usedataflow

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2022-12-08-support-getaddrinfo-dataflow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: minorAnalysis
+---
+* The `getaddrinfo` function is now recognized as a flow source.

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2022-12-08-support-scanf-dataflow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: minorAnalysis
+---
+* The `scanf` and `fscanf` functions and their variants are now recognized as flow sources.

cpp/ql/lib/change-notes/2022-12-09-generalize-argv-source.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: minorAnalysis
+---
+* The `ArgvSource` flow source has been generalized to handle cases where the argument vector of `main` is not named `argv`.

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/Models.qll

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ private import implementations.StdString
 private import implementations.Swap
 private import implementations.GetDelim
 private import implementations.SmartPointer
-private import implementations.Sscanf
+private import implementations.Scanf
 private import implementations.Send
 private import implementations.Recv
 private import implementations.Accept

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/Fread.qll

@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ private class Fread extends AliasFunction, RemoteFlowSourceFunction {
 
   override predicate hasRemoteFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
     output.isParameterDeref(0) and
-    description = "String read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "string read by " + this.getName()
   }
 }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/GetDelim.qll

@@ -36,6 +36,6 @@ private class GetDelimFunction extends TaintFunction, AliasFunction, SideEffectF
 
   override predicate hasRemoteFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
     output.isParameterDeref(0) and
-    description = "String read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "string read by " + this.getName()
   }
 }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/Gets.qll

@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ private class FgetsFunction extends DataFlowFunction, TaintFunction, ArrayFuncti
 
   override predicate hasRemoteFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
     output.isParameterDeref(0) and
-    description = "String read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "string read by " + this.getName()
     or
     output.isReturnValue() and
-    description = "String read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "string read by " + this.getName()
   }
 
   override predicate hasArrayWithVariableSize(int bufParam, int countParam) {
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@ private class GetsFunction extends DataFlowFunction, ArrayFunction, AliasFunctio
 
   override predicate hasLocalFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
     output.isParameterDeref(0) and
-    description = "String read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "string read by " + this.getName()
     or
     output.isReturnValue() and
-    description = "String read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "string read by " + this.getName()
   }
 
   override predicate hasArrayWithUnknownSize(int bufParam) { bufParam = 0 }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/Inet.qll

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.Taint
 import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.Alias
 import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.ArrayFunction
+import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.FlowSource
 
 private class InetNtoa extends TaintFunction {
-  InetNtoa() { hasGlobalName("inet_ntoa") }
+  InetNtoa() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_ntoa") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameter(0) and
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ private class InetNtoa extends TaintFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetAton extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
-  InetAton() { hasGlobalName("inet_aton") }
+  InetAton() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_aton") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameterDeref(0) and
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ private class InetAton extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetAddr extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction, AliasFunction {
-  InetAddr() { hasGlobalName("inet_addr") }
+  InetAddr() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_addr") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameterDeref(0) and
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ private class InetAddr extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction, AliasFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetNetwork extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
-  InetNetwork() { hasGlobalName("inet_network") }
+  InetNetwork() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_network") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameterDeref(0) and
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ private class InetNetwork extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetMakeaddr extends TaintFunction {
-  InetMakeaddr() { hasGlobalName("inet_makeaddr") }
+  InetMakeaddr() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_makeaddr") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     (
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ private class InetMakeaddr extends TaintFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetLnaof extends TaintFunction {
-  InetLnaof() { hasGlobalName("inet_lnaof") }
+  InetLnaof() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_lnaof") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameter(0) and
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ private class InetLnaof extends TaintFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetNetof extends TaintFunction {
-  InetNetof() { hasGlobalName("inet_netof") }
+  InetNetof() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_netof") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameter(0) and
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ private class InetNetof extends TaintFunction {
 }
 
 private class InetPton extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
-  InetPton() { hasGlobalName("inet_pton") }
+  InetPton() { this.hasGlobalName("inet_pton") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     (
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ private class InetPton extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
 }
 
 private class Gethostbyname extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
-  Gethostbyname() { hasGlobalName("gethostbyname") }
+  Gethostbyname() { this.hasGlobalName("gethostbyname") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameterDeref(0) and
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ private class Gethostbyname extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
 }
 
 private class Gethostbyaddr extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
-  Gethostbyaddr() { hasGlobalName("gethostbyaddr") }
+  Gethostbyaddr() { this.hasGlobalName("gethostbyaddr") }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     (
@@ -142,3 +143,21 @@ private class Gethostbyaddr extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction {
 
   override predicate hasArrayWithNullTerminator(int bufParam) { bufParam = 0 }
 }
+
+private class Getaddrinfo extends TaintFunction, ArrayFunction, RemoteFlowSourceFunction {
+  Getaddrinfo() { this.hasGlobalName("getaddrinfo") }
+
+  override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
+    input.isParameterDeref([0 .. 2]) and
+    output.isParameterDeref(3)
+  }
+
+  override predicate hasArrayInput(int bufParam) { bufParam in [0, 1] }
+
+  override predicate hasArrayWithNullTerminator(int bufParam) { bufParam in [0, 1] }
+
+  override predicate hasRemoteFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
+    output.isParameterDeref(3) and
+    description = "address returned by " + this.getName()
+  }
+}

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/Recv.qll

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ private class Recv extends AliasFunction, ArrayFunction, SideEffectFunction,
       or
       this.hasGlobalName("recvfrom") and output.isParameterDeref([4, 5])
     ) and
-    description = "Buffer read by " + this.getName()
+    description = "buffer read by " + this.getName()
   }
 
   override predicate hasSocketInput(FunctionInput input) { input.isParameter(0) }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/Scanf.qll

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * Provides implementation classes modeling `sscanf`, `fscanf` and various similar
- * functions. See `semmle.code.cpp.models.Models` for usage information.
+ * Provides implementation classes modeling the `scanf` family of functions.
+ * See `semmle.code.cpp.models.Models` for usage information.
  */
 
 import semmle.code.cpp.Function
@@ -9,18 +9,15 @@ import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.ArrayFunction
 import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.Taint
 import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.Alias
 import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.SideEffect
+import semmle.code.cpp.models.interfaces.FlowSource
 
 /**
- * The standard function `sscanf`, `fscanf` and its assorted variants
+ * The `scanf` family of functions.
  */
-private class SscanfModel extends ArrayFunction, TaintFunction, AliasFunction, SideEffectFunction {
-  SscanfModel() { this instanceof Sscanf or this instanceof Fscanf or this instanceof Snscanf }
-
+abstract private class ScanfFunctionModel extends ArrayFunction, TaintFunction, AliasFunction,
+  SideEffectFunction {
   override predicate hasArrayWithNullTerminator(int bufParam) {
     bufParam = this.(ScanfFunction).getFormatParameterIndex()
-    or
-    not this instanceof Fscanf and
-    bufParam = this.(ScanfFunction).getInputParameterIndex()
   }
 
   override predicate hasArrayInput(int bufParam) { this.hasArrayWithNullTerminator(bufParam) }
@@ -36,7 +33,7 @@ private class SscanfModel extends ArrayFunction, TaintFunction, AliasFunction, S
     )
   }
 
-  private int getArgsStartPosition() { result = this.getNumberOfParameters() }
+  int getArgsStartPosition() { result = this.getNumberOfParameters() }
 
   override predicate hasTaintFlow(FunctionInput input, FunctionOutput output) {
     input.isParameterDeref(this.(ScanfFunction).getInputParameterIndex()) and
@@ -70,3 +67,36 @@ private class SscanfModel extends ArrayFunction, TaintFunction, AliasFunction, S
       ]
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * The standard function `scanf` and its assorted variants
+ */
+private class ScanfModel extends ScanfFunctionModel, LocalFlowSourceFunction instanceof Scanf {
+  override predicate hasLocalFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
+    output.isParameterDeref(any(int i | i >= this.getArgsStartPosition())) and
+    description = "value read by " + this.getName()
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The standard function `fscanf` and its assorted variants
+ */
+private class FscanfModel extends ScanfFunctionModel, RemoteFlowSourceFunction instanceof Fscanf {
+  override predicate hasRemoteFlowSource(FunctionOutput output, string description) {
+    output.isParameterDeref(any(int i | i >= this.getArgsStartPosition())) and
+    description = "value read by " + this.getName()
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The standard function `sscanf` and its assorted variants
+ */
+private class SscanfModel extends ScanfFunctionModel {
+  SscanfModel() { this instanceof Sscanf or this instanceof Snscanf }
+
+  override predicate hasArrayWithNullTerminator(int bufParam) {
+    super.hasArrayWithNullTerminator(bufParam)
+    or
+    bufParam = this.(ScanfFunction).getInputParameterIndex()
+  }
+}

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/models/implementations/Send.qll

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ private class Send extends AliasFunction, ArrayFunction, SideEffectFunction, Rem
   override ParameterIndex getParameterSizeIndex(ParameterIndex i) { i = 1 and result = 2 }
 
   override predicate hasRemoteFlowSink(FunctionInput input, string description) {
-    input.isParameterDeref(1) and description = "Buffer sent by " + this.getName()
+    input.isParameterDeref(1) and description = "buffer sent by " + this.getName()
   }
 
   override predicate hasSocketInput(FunctionInput input) { input.isParameter(0) }

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/security/FlowSources.qll

@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ private class LocalModelSource extends LocalFlowSource {
 
 private class ArgvSource extends LocalFlowSource {
   ArgvSource() {
-    exists(Parameter argv |
-      argv.hasName("argv") and
-      argv.getFunction().hasGlobalName("main") and
+    exists(Function main, Parameter argv |
+      main.hasGlobalName("main") and
+      main.getParameter(1) = argv and
       this.asExpr() = argv.getAnAccess()
     )
   }

cpp/ql/src/Security/CWE/CWE-022/TaintedPath.ql

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 import cpp
 import semmle.code.cpp.security.FunctionWithWrappers
-import semmle.code.cpp.security.Security
+import semmle.code.cpp.security.FlowSources
 import semmle.code.cpp.ir.IR
 import semmle.code.cpp.ir.dataflow.TaintTracking
 import DataFlow::PathGraph
@@ -47,12 +47,6 @@ class FileFunction extends FunctionWithWrappers {
   override predicate interestingArg(int arg) { arg = 0 }
 }
 
-Expr asSourceExpr(DataFlow::Node node) {
-  result = node.asConvertedExpr()
-  or
-  result = node.asDefiningArgument()
-}
-
 Expr asSinkExpr(DataFlow::Node node) {
   result =
     node.asOperand()
@@ -89,7 +83,7 @@ predicate hasUpperBoundsCheck(Variable var) {
 class TaintedPathConfiguration extends TaintTracking::Configuration {
   TaintedPathConfiguration() { this = "TaintedPathConfiguration" }
 
-  override predicate isSource(DataFlow::Node node) { isUserInput(asSourceExpr(node), _) }
+  override predicate isSource(DataFlow::Node node) { node instanceof FlowSource }
 
   override predicate isSink(DataFlow::Node node) {
     exists(FileFunction fileFunction |
@@ -108,31 +102,16 @@ class TaintedPathConfiguration extends TaintTracking::Configuration {
       hasUpperBoundsCheck(checkedVar)
     )
   }
-
-  predicate hasFilteredFlowPath(DataFlow::PathNode source, DataFlow::PathNode sink) {
-    this.hasFlowPath(source, sink) and
-    // The use of `isUserInput` in `isSink` in combination with `asSourceExpr` causes
-    // duplicate results. Filter these duplicates. The proper solution is to switch to
-    // using `LocalFlowSource` and `RemoteFlowSource`, but this currently only supports
-    // a subset of the cases supported by `isUserInput`.
-    not exists(DataFlow::PathNode source2 |
-      this.hasFlowPath(source2, sink) and
-      asSourceExpr(source.getNode()) = asSourceExpr(source2.getNode())
-    |
-      not exists(source.getNode().asConvertedExpr()) and exists(source2.getNode().asConvertedExpr())
-    )
-  }
 }
 
 from
-  FileFunction fileFunction, Expr taintedArg, Expr taintSource, TaintedPathConfiguration cfg,
-  DataFlow::PathNode sourceNode, DataFlow::PathNode sinkNode, string taintCause, string callChain
+  FileFunction fileFunction, Expr taintedArg, FlowSource taintSource, TaintedPathConfiguration cfg,
+  DataFlow::PathNode sourceNode, DataFlow::PathNode sinkNode, string callChain
 where
   taintedArg = asSinkExpr(sinkNode.getNode()) and
   fileFunction.outermostWrapperFunctionCall(taintedArg, callChain) and
-  cfg.hasFilteredFlowPath(sourceNode, sinkNode) and
-  taintSource = asSourceExpr(sourceNode.getNode()) and
-  isUserInput(taintSource, taintCause)
+  cfg.hasFlowPath(sourceNode, sinkNode) and
+  taintSource = sourceNode.getNode()
 select taintedArg, sourceNode, sinkNode,
   "This argument to a file access function is derived from $@ and then passed to " + callChain + ".",
-  taintSource, "user input (" + taintCause + ")"
+  taintSource, "user input (" + taintSource.getSourceType() + ")"

cpp/ql/src/Security/CWE/CWE-129/ImproperArrayIndexValidation.ql

@@ -116,10 +116,6 @@ class ImproperArrayIndexValidationConfig extends TaintTracking::Configuration {
   }
 }
 
-/** Gets `str` where the first letter has been lowercased. */
-bindingset[str]
-string lowerFirst(string str) { result = str.prefix(1).toLowerCase() + str.suffix(1) }
-
 from
   ImproperArrayIndexValidationConfig conf, DataFlow::PathNode source, DataFlow::PathNode sink,
   string sourceType
@@ -128,4 +124,4 @@ where
   isFlowSource(source.getNode(), sourceType)
 select sink.getNode(), source, sink,
   "An array indexing expression depends on $@ that might be outside the bounds of the array.",
-  source.getNode(), lowerFirst(sourceType)
+  source.getNode(), sourceType

cpp/ql/src/Security/CWE/CWE-311/CleartextBufferWrite.ql

@@ -19,7 +19,25 @@ import semmle.code.cpp.ir.dataflow.TaintTracking
 import DataFlow::PathGraph
 
 /**
- * A taint flow configuration for flow from user input to a buffer write.
+ * A buffer write into a sensitive expression.
+ */
+class SensitiveBufferWrite extends Expr instanceof BufferWrite::BufferWrite {
+  SensitiveBufferWrite() { super.getDest() instanceof SensitiveExpr }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a data source of this operation.
+   */
+  Expr getASource() { result = super.getASource() }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the destination buffer of this operation.
+   */
+  Expr getDest() { result = super.getDest() }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A taint flow configuration for flow from user input to a buffer write
+ * into a sensitive expression.
  */
 class ToBufferConfiguration extends TaintTracking::Configuration {
   ToBufferConfiguration() { this = "ToBufferConfiguration" }
@@ -31,18 +49,17 @@ class ToBufferConfiguration extends TaintTracking::Configuration {
   }
 
   override predicate isSink(DataFlow::Node sink) {
-    exists(BufferWrite::BufferWrite w | w.getASource() = sink.asExpr())
+    exists(SensitiveBufferWrite w | w.getASource() = sink.asExpr())
   }
 }
 
 from
-  ToBufferConfiguration config, BufferWrite::BufferWrite w, DataFlow::PathNode sourceNode,
-  DataFlow::PathNode sinkNode, FlowSource source, SensitiveExpr dest
+  ToBufferConfiguration config, SensitiveBufferWrite w, DataFlow::PathNode sourceNode,
+  DataFlow::PathNode sinkNode, FlowSource source
 where
   config.hasFlowPath(sourceNode, sinkNode) and
   sourceNode.getNode() = source and
-  w.getASource() = sinkNode.getNode().asExpr() and
-  dest = w.getDest()
+  w.getASource() = sinkNode.getNode().asExpr()
 select w, sourceNode, sinkNode,
-  "This write into buffer '" + dest.toString() + "' may contain unencrypted data from $@.", source,
-  "user input (" + source.getSourceType() + ")"
+  "This write into buffer '" + w.getDest().toString() + "' may contain unencrypted data from $@.",
+  source, "user input (" + source.getSourceType() + ")"

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/dataflow/source-sink-tests/local-flow.ql

@@ -11,8 +11,20 @@ class LocalFlowSourceTest extends InlineExpectationsTest {
 
   override predicate hasActualResult(Location location, string element, string tag, string value) {
     tag = "local_source" and
-    value = "" and
-    exists(LocalFlowSource node |
+    exists(LocalFlowSource node, int n |
+      n =
+        strictcount(LocalFlowSource otherNode |
+          node.getLocation().getStartLine() = otherNode.getLocation().getStartLine()
+        ) and
+      (
+        n = 1 and value = ""
+        or
+        // If there is more than one node on this line
+        // we specify the location explicitly.
+        n > 1 and
+        value =
+          node.getLocation().getStartLine().toString() + ":" + node.getLocation().getStartColumn()
+      ) and
       location = node.getLocation() and
       element = node.toString()
     )

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/dataflow/source-sink-tests/remote-flow.ql

@@ -11,8 +11,20 @@ class RemoteFlowSourceTest extends InlineExpectationsTest {
 
   override predicate hasActualResult(Location location, string element, string tag, string value) {
     tag = "remote_source" and
-    value = "" and
-    exists(RemoteFlowSource node |
+    exists(RemoteFlowSource node, int n |
+      n =
+        strictcount(RemoteFlowSource otherNode |
+          node.getLocation().getStartLine() = otherNode.getLocation().getStartLine()
+        ) and
+      (
+        n = 1 and value = ""
+        or
+        // If there is more than one node on this line
+        // we specify the location explicitly.
+        n > 1 and
+        value =
+          node.getLocation().getStartLine().toString() + ":" + node.getLocation().getStartColumn()
+      ) and
       location = node.getLocation() and
       element = node.toString()
     )
@@ -26,8 +38,20 @@ class RemoteFlowSinkTest extends InlineExpectationsTest {
 
   override predicate hasActualResult(Location location, string element, string tag, string value) {
     tag = "remote_sink" and
-    value = "" and
-    exists(RemoteFlowSink node |
+    exists(RemoteFlowSink node, int n |
+      n =
+        strictcount(RemoteFlowSink otherNode |
+          node.getLocation().getStartLine() = otherNode.getLocation().getStartLine()
+        ) and
+      (
+        n = 1 and value = ""
+        or
+        // If there is more than one node on this line
+        // we specify the location explicitly.
+        n > 1 and
+        value =
+          node.getLocation().getStartLine().toString() + ":" + node.getLocation().getStartColumn()
+      ) and
       location = node.getLocation() and
       element = node.toString()
     )

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/dataflow/source-sink-tests/sources-and-sinks.cpp

@@ -26,3 +26,27 @@ void test_readv_and_writev(iovec* iovs) {
   readv(0, iovs, 16); // $ MISSING: remote_source
   writev(0, iovs, 16); // $ remote_sink
 }
+
+struct FILE;
+
+int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...);
+int scanf(const char *format, ...);
+
+void test_scanf(FILE *stream, int *d, char *buf) {
+  scanf(""); // Not a local source, as there are no output arguments
+  fscanf(stream, ""); // Not a remote source, as there are no output arguments
+  scanf("%d", d); // $ local_source
+  fscanf(stream, "%d", d);  // $ remote_source
+  scanf("%d %s", d, buf); // $ local_source=40:18 local_source=40:21
+  fscanf(stream, "%d %s", d, buf);  // $ remote_source=41:27 remote_source=41:30
+}
+
+struct addrinfo;
+
+int getaddrinfo(const char *hostname, const char *servname,
+                const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res);
+
+void test_inet(char *hostname, char *servname, struct addrinfo *hints) {
+  addrinfo *res;
+  int ret = getaddrinfo(hostname, servname, hints, &res); // $ remote_source
+}

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-078/semmle/ExecTainted/ExecTainted.expected

@@ -203,9 +203,9 @@ subpaths
 | test.cpp:196:26:196:33 | filename | test.cpp:186:47:186:54 | filename | test.cpp:188:11:188:17 | strncat output argument | test.cpp:196:10:196:16 | concat output argument |
 #select
 | test.cpp:51:10:51:16 | command | test.cpp:47:21:47:26 | call to getenv indirection | test.cpp:51:10:51:16 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:47:21:47:26 | call to getenv indirection | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:50:11:50:17 | sprintf output argument | sprintf output argument |
-| test.cpp:65:10:65:16 | command | test.cpp:62:9:62:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:65:10:65:16 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:62:9:62:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:64:11:64:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:85:32:85:38 | command | test.cpp:82:9:82:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:85:32:85:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:82:9:82:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:84:11:84:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:94:45:94:48 | path | test.cpp:91:9:91:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:94:45:94:48 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:91:9:91:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:93:11:93:14 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:65:10:65:16 | command | test.cpp:62:9:62:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:65:10:65:16 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:62:9:62:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:64:11:64:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:85:32:85:38 | command | test.cpp:82:9:82:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:85:32:85:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:82:9:82:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:84:11:84:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:94:45:94:48 | path | test.cpp:91:9:91:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:94:45:94:48 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:91:9:91:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:93:11:93:14 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
 | test.cpp:108:18:108:22 | call to c_str | test.cpp:106:20:106:25 | call to getenv | test.cpp:108:18:108:22 | call to c_str indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:106:20:106:25 | call to getenv | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:107:31:107:31 | Call | Call |
 | test.cpp:108:18:108:22 | call to c_str | test.cpp:106:20:106:38 | call to getenv indirection | test.cpp:108:18:108:22 | call to c_str indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:106:20:106:38 | call to getenv indirection | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:107:31:107:31 | Call | Call |
 | test.cpp:114:25:114:29 | call to c_str | test.cpp:113:20:113:25 | call to getenv | test.cpp:114:25:114:29 | call to c_str indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:113:20:113:25 | call to getenv | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:114:10:114:23 | Convert | Convert |
@@ -214,11 +214,11 @@ subpaths
 | test.cpp:114:25:114:29 | call to c_str | test.cpp:113:20:113:38 | call to getenv indirection | test.cpp:114:25:114:29 | call to c_str indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:113:20:113:38 | call to getenv indirection | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:114:17:114:17 | call to operator+ | call to operator+ |
 | test.cpp:120:25:120:28 | call to data | test.cpp:119:20:119:25 | call to getenv | test.cpp:120:10:120:30 | call to data indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:119:20:119:25 | call to getenv | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:120:17:120:17 | call to operator+ | call to operator+ |
 | test.cpp:120:25:120:28 | call to data | test.cpp:119:20:119:38 | call to getenv indirection | test.cpp:120:10:120:30 | call to data indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:119:20:119:38 | call to getenv indirection | user input (an environment variable) | test.cpp:120:17:120:17 | call to operator+ | call to operator+ |
-| test.cpp:143:10:143:16 | command | test.cpp:140:9:140:11 | fread output argument | test.cpp:143:10:143:16 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:140:9:140:11 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:142:11:142:17 | sprintf output argument | sprintf output argument |
-| test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | command | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:177:13:177:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | command | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:178:13:178:19 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | command | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:180:13:180:19 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | command | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:187:11:187:15 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | command | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:188:11:188:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | command | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:220:10:220:16 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
-| test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | command | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | user input (String read by fread) | test.cpp:220:10:220:16 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:143:10:143:16 | command | test.cpp:140:9:140:11 | fread output argument | test.cpp:143:10:143:16 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to system(string). | test.cpp:140:9:140:11 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:142:11:142:17 | sprintf output argument | sprintf output argument |
+| test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | command | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:177:13:177:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | command | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:178:13:178:19 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | command | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:183:32:183:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:174:9:174:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:180:13:180:19 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | command | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:187:11:187:15 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | command | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:198:32:198:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:194:9:194:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:188:11:188:17 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | command | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:220:10:220:16 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |
+| test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | command | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | test.cpp:222:32:222:38 | Convert indirection | This argument to an OS command is derived from $@, dangerously concatenated into $@, and then passed to execl. | test.cpp:218:9:218:16 | fread output argument | user input (string read by fread) | test.cpp:220:10:220:16 | strncat output argument | strncat output argument |

cpp/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE/CWE-311/semmle/tests/CleartextBufferWrite.expected

@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ nodes
 | test.cpp:58:25:58:29 | input | semmle.label | input |
 subpaths
 #select
-| test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | This write into buffer 'password' may contain unencrypted data from $@. | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | user input (String read by gets) |
-| test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | test2.cpp:110:8:110:15 | gets output argument | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | This write into buffer 'password' may contain unencrypted data from $@. | test2.cpp:110:8:110:15 | gets output argument | user input (String read by gets) |
+| test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | This write into buffer 'password' may contain unencrypted data from $@. | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | user input (string read by gets) |
+| test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | test2.cpp:110:8:110:15 | gets output argument | test2.cpp:110:3:110:6 | call to gets | This write into buffer 'password' may contain unencrypted data from $@. | test2.cpp:110:8:110:15 | gets output argument | user input (string read by gets) |
 | test.cpp:58:3:58:9 | call to sprintf | test.cpp:54:17:54:20 | argv | test.cpp:58:25:58:29 | input | This write into buffer 'passwd' may contain unencrypted data from $@. | test.cpp:54:17:54:20 | argv | user input (a command-line argument) |