From 0f4561efc3f51a734eb951a2233344f1b40420ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 15:10:51 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 01/11] Rust: Add XSS examples
---
.../query-tests/security/CWE-079/Cargo.lock | 1876 +++++++++++++++++
.../security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock | 1555 ++++++++++++++
.../security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs | 73 +
.../security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml | 3 +
.../security/CWE-079/axum/Cargo.lock | 646 ++++++
.../query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/main.rs | 20 +
.../security/CWE-079/axum/options.yml | 5 +
.../security/CWE-079/warp/Cargo.lock | 723 +++++++
.../query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs | 17 +
.../security/CWE-079/warp/options.yml | 4 +
10 files changed, 4922 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/Cargo.lock
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/Cargo.lock
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/main.rs
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/options.yml
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/Cargo.lock
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/options.yml
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/Cargo.lock b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8c877bc755
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/Cargo.lock
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diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8a914c2929c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+use actix_web::{
+ get,
+ web::{self, Html},
+ App, HttpServer, Responder,
+};
+
+// The "bad" example from the qldoc
+#[get("/bad/{a}")]
+async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
+ let user_input = path.into_inner();
+
+ let html = format!(
+ r#"
+
+
+ Welcome
+
+ Hello, {}!
+
+
+ "#,
+ user_input
+ );
+
+ Html::new(html) // $ MISSING: Alert[rust/xss]
+}
+
+fn html_escape(s: &str) -> String {
+ s.chars()
+ .map(|c| match c {
+ '<' => "<".to_string(),
+ '>' => ">".to_string(),
+ '&' => "&".to_string(),
+ '"' => """.to_string(),
+ '\'' => "'".to_string(),
+ _ => c.to_string(),
+ })
+ .collect()
+}
+
+#[get("/good/{a}")]
+// The "good" example from the qldoc
+async fn safe_handler_with_encoding(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
+ let user_input = path.into_inner();
+ let escaped_input = html_escape(&user_input);
+
+ let html = format!(
+ r#"
+
+
+ Welcome
+
+ Hello, {}!
+
+
+ "#,
+ escaped_input
+ );
+
+ Html::new(html) // Safe: user input is HTML-encoded
+}
+
+#[actix_web::main]
+pub async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+ HttpServer::new(|| {
+ App::new()
+ .service(vulnerable_handler)
+ .service(safe_handler_with_encoding)
+ })
+ .bind(("127.0.0.1", 3000))?
+ .run()
+ .await
+}
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84619d07434
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+qltest_use_nightly: true
+qltest_dependencies:
+ - actix-web = { version = "4.12.0" }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/Cargo.lock b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a28fb29c506
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
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diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9379302a318
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use axum::{extract::Query, response::Html, routing::get, Router};
+
+#[derive(serde::Deserialize)]
+struct GreetingParams {
+ name: String,
+}
+
+async fn greet_handler(Query(params): Query) -> Html {
+ let html_content = format!("Hello, {}!
", params.name);
+ Html(html_content) // $ MISSING: Alert[rust/xss]
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+pub async fn main() {
+ let app = Router::<()>::new().route("/greet", get(greet_handler));
+ let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:3000")
+ .await
+ .unwrap();
+ axum::serve(listener, app).await.unwrap();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/options.yml b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/options.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a7345bb237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/options.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+qltest_use_nightly: true
+qltest_dependencies:
+ - axum = { version = "0.8.7" }
+ - serde = { version = "1.0.228", features = ["derive"] }
+ - tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/Cargo.lock b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35c058bd45e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/Cargo.lock
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+name = "tower-service"
+version = "0.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8df9b6e13f2d32c91b9bd719c00d1958837bc7dec474d94952798cc8e69eeec3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing"
+version = "0.1.41"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "784e0ac535deb450455cbfa28a6f0df145ea1bb7ae51b821cf5e7927fdcfbdd0"
+dependencies = [
+ "log",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "tracing-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing-core"
+version = "0.1.34"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b9d12581f227e93f094d3af2ae690a574abb8a2b9b7a96e7cfe9647b2b617678"
+dependencies = [
+ "once_cell",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "typenum"
+version = "1.19.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "562d481066bde0658276a35467c4af00bdc6ee726305698a55b86e61d7ad82bb"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unicase"
+version = "2.8.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "75b844d17643ee918803943289730bec8aac480150456169e647ed0b576ba539"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-ident"
+version = "1.0.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9312f7c4f6ff9069b165498234ce8be658059c6728633667c526e27dc2cf1df5"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "version_check"
+version = "0.9.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "warp"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "51d06d9202adc1f15d709c4f4a2069be5428aa912cc025d6f268ac441ab066b0"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "futures-util",
+ "headers",
+ "http",
+ "http-body",
+ "http-body-util",
+ "hyper",
+ "hyper-util",
+ "log",
+ "mime",
+ "mime_guess",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "pin-project",
+ "scoped-tls",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "serde_urlencoded",
+ "tokio",
+ "tokio-util",
+ "tower-service",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "wasi"
+version = "0.11.1+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ccf3ec651a847eb01de73ccad15eb7d99f80485de043efb2f370cd654f4ea44b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-link"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f0805222e57f7521d6a62e36fa9163bc891acd422f971defe97d64e70d0a4fe5"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.60.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f2f500e4d28234f72040990ec9d39e3a6b950f9f22d3dba18416c35882612bcb"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.61.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ae137229bcbd6cdf0f7b80a31df61766145077ddf49416a728b02cb3921ff3fc"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.53.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4945f9f551b88e0d65f3db0bc25c33b8acea4d9e41163edf90dcd0b19f9069f3"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm",
+ "windows_i686_msvc",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a9d8416fa8b42f5c947f8482c43e7d89e73a173cead56d044f6a56104a6d1b53"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b9d782e804c2f632e395708e99a94275910eb9100b2114651e04744e9b125006"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "960e6da069d81e09becb0ca57a65220ddff016ff2d6af6a223cf372a506593a3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fa7359d10048f68ab8b09fa71c3daccfb0e9b559aed648a8f95469c27057180c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e7ac75179f18232fe9c285163565a57ef8d3c89254a30685b57d83a38d326c2"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9c3842cdd74a865a8066ab39c8a7a473c0778a3f29370b5fd6b4b9aa7df4a499"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0ffa179e2d07eee8ad8f57493436566c7cc30ac536a3379fdf008f47f6bb7ae1"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d6bbff5f0aada427a1e5a6da5f1f98158182f26556f345ac9e04d36d0ebed650"
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6ed00974c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//! Tests for XSS
+//!
+use warp::Filter;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+pub async fn main() {
+ let hello = warp::path("greet")
+ .and(warp::path::param())
+ .map(|name: String| {
+ // Vulnerable to XSS because it directly includes user input in the response
+ let body = format!("Hello, {name}!
");
+ warp::reply::html(body) // $ MISSING: Alert[rust/xss]
+ });
+
+ // Start the web server on port 3000
+ warp::serve(hello).run(([127, 0, 0, 1], 3000)).await;
+}
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/options.yml b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/options.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cae7e414d5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/options.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+qltest_use_nightly: true
+qltest_dependencies:
+ - warp = { version = "0.4.2", features = ["server"]}
+ - tokio = { version = "1", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
\ No newline at end of file
From ae9c75337149278be407c78094696fac9ff0a721 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 15:22:42 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 02/11] Rust: Add XSS query
---
.../codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll | 62 +++++++++++++++++++
rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql | 42 +++++++++++++
.../security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected | 4 ++
.../security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.qlref | 4 ++
.../security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.expected | 4 ++
.../security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.qlref | 4 ++
.../security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected | 4 ++
.../security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.qlref | 4 ++
8 files changed, 128 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll
create mode 100644 rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.qlref
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.expected
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.qlref
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
create mode 100644 rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.qlref
diff --git a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..041f4a86c87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+ * Provides classes and predicates for reasoning about cross-site scripting (XSS)
+ * vulnerabilities.
+ */
+
+import rust
+private import codeql.rust.dataflow.DataFlow
+private import codeql.rust.dataflow.FlowSink
+private import codeql.rust.Concepts
+private import codeql.util.Unit
+private import codeql.rust.security.Barriers as Barriers
+
+/**
+ * Provides default sources, sinks and barriers for detecting XSS
+ * vulnerabilities, as well as extension points for adding your own.
+ */
+module Xss {
+ /**
+ * A data flow source for XSS vulnerabilities.
+ */
+ abstract class Source extends DataFlow::Node { }
+
+ /**
+ * A data flow sink for XSS vulnerabilities.
+ */
+ abstract class Sink extends QuerySink::Range {
+ override string getSinkType() { result = "Xss" }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A barrier for XSS vulnerabilities.
+ */
+ abstract class Barrier extends DataFlow::Node { }
+
+ /**
+ * An active threat-model source, considered as a flow source.
+ */
+ private class ActiveThreatModelSourceAsSource extends Source, ActiveThreatModelSource { }
+
+ /**
+ * A sink for XSS from model data.
+ */
+ private class ModelsAsDataSink extends Sink {
+ ModelsAsDataSink() { sinkNode(this, "html-injection") }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A barrier for XSS vulnerabilities for nodes whose type is a
+ * numeric or boolean type, which is unlikely to expose any vulnerability.
+ */
+ private class NumericTypeBarrier extends Barrier instanceof Barriers::NumericTypeBarrier { }
+
+ /** A call to a function with "escape" or "encode" in its name. */
+ private class HeuristicHtmlEncodingBarrier extends Barrier {
+ HeuristicHtmlEncodingBarrier() {
+ exists(Call fc |
+ fc.getStaticTarget().(Function).getName().getText().regexpMatch(".*(escape|encode).*") and
+ fc.getArgument(_) = this.asExpr()
+ )
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58fb77422ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * @name Cross-site scripting
+ * @description Writing user input directly to a web page
+ * allows for a cross-site scripting vulnerability.
+ * @kind path-problem
+ * @problem.severity error
+ * @security-severity 6.1
+ * @precision high
+ * @id rust/xss
+ * @tags security
+ * external/cwe/cwe-079
+ * external/cwe/cwe-116
+ */
+
+import rust
+import codeql.rust.dataflow.DataFlow
+import codeql.rust.dataflow.TaintTracking
+import codeql.rust.security.XssExtensions
+
+/**
+ * A taint configuration for tainted data that reaches an XSS sink.
+ */
+module XssConfig implements DataFlow::ConfigSig {
+ import Xss
+
+ predicate isSource(DataFlow::Node node) { node instanceof Source }
+
+ predicate isSink(DataFlow::Node node) { node instanceof Sink }
+
+ predicate isBarrier(DataFlow::Node barrier) { barrier instanceof Barrier }
+
+ predicate observeDiffInformedIncrementalMode() { any() }
+}
+
+module XssFlow = TaintTracking::Global;
+
+import XssFlow::PathGraph
+
+from XssFlow::PathNode sourceNode, XssFlow::PathNode sinkNode
+where XssFlow::flowPath(sourceNode, sinkNode)
+select sinkNode.getNode(), sourceNode, sinkNode, "Cross-site scripting vulnerability due to a $@.",
+ sourceNode.getNode(), "user-provided value"
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58f42bec0c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#select
+edges
+nodes
+subpaths
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.qlref b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.qlref
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52e78e53811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.qlref
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+query: queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
+postprocess:
+ - utils/test/PrettyPrintModels.ql
+ - utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.expected b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.expected
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58f42bec0c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#select
+edges
+nodes
+subpaths
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.qlref b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.qlref
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52e78e53811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/axum/XSS.qlref
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+query: queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
+postprocess:
+ - utils/test/PrettyPrintModels.ql
+ - utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58f42bec0c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#select
+edges
+nodes
+subpaths
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.qlref b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.qlref
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52e78e53811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.qlref
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+query: queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
+postprocess:
+ - utils/test/PrettyPrintModels.ql
+ - utils/test/InlineExpectationsTestQuery.ql
From 9e2bf76a7f59c6d22d6d359e9e7de56f73301800 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 15:41:17 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 03/11] Rust: Add XSS sinks for Actix and Warp
---
.../rust/frameworks/actix-web.model.yml | 5 ++++
.../lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/warp.model.yml | 7 ++++-
.../security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected | 28 +++++++++++++++++++
.../security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs | 4 +--
.../security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected | 23 +++++++++++++++
.../query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs | 4 +--
6 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
diff --git a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/actix-web.model.yml b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/actix-web.model.yml
index 4031b9bbe86..17b76e137d8 100644
--- a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/actix-web.model.yml
+++ b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/actix-web.model.yml
@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ extensions:
- ["::to", "Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]", "remote", "manual"]
# Actix attributes such as `get` expand to this `to` call on the handler.
- ["::to", "Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]", "remote", "manual"]
+ - addsTo:
+ pack: codeql/rust-all
+ extensible: sinkModel
+ data:
+ - ["::new", "Argument[0]", "html-injection", "manual"]
- addsTo:
pack: codeql/rust-all
extensible: summaryModel
diff --git a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/warp.model.yml b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/warp.model.yml
index 5071b4dea86..18757da5710 100644
--- a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/warp.model.yml
+++ b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/frameworks/warp.model.yml
@@ -5,4 +5,9 @@ extensions:
data:
- ["<_ as warp::filter::Filter>::then", "Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]", "remote", "manual"]
- ["<_ as warp::filter::Filter>::map", "Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]", "remote", "manual"]
- - ["<_ as warp::filter::Filter>::and_then", "Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]", "remote", "manual"]
\ No newline at end of file
+ - ["<_ as warp::filter::Filter>::and_then", "Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]", "remote", "manual"]
+ - addsTo:
+ pack: codeql/rust-all
+ extensible: sinkModel
+ data:
+ - ["warp::reply::html", "Argument[0]", "html-injection", "manual"]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected
index 58f42bec0c8..3eff00192fe 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/XSS.expected
@@ -1,4 +1,32 @@
#select
+| main.rs:25:5:25:13 | ...::new | main.rs:8:1:8:18 | to | main.rs:25:5:25:13 | ...::new | Cross-site scripting vulnerability due to a $@. | main.rs:8:1:8:18 | to | user-provided value |
edges
+| main.rs:8:1:8:18 | to | main.rs:9:29:9:51 | ...: ...::Path::<...> | provenance | Src:MaD:2 |
+| main.rs:9:29:9:51 | ...: ...::Path::<...> | main.rs:10:22:10:38 | path.into_inner() | provenance | MaD:3 |
+| main.rs:10:9:10:18 | user_input | main.rs:13:9:22:18 | MacroExpr | provenance | |
+| main.rs:10:22:10:38 | path.into_inner() | main.rs:10:9:10:18 | user_input | provenance | |
+| main.rs:12:9:12:12 | html | main.rs:25:15:25:18 | html | provenance | |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | ...::format(...) | main.rs:13:9:22:18 | { ... } | provenance | |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | ...::must_use(...) | main.rs:12:9:12:12 | html | provenance | |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | MacroExpr | main.rs:13:9:22:18 | ...::format(...) | provenance | MaD:4 |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | { ... } | main.rs:13:9:22:18 | ...::must_use(...) | provenance | MaD:5 |
+| main.rs:25:15:25:18 | html | main.rs:25:5:25:13 | ...::new | provenance | MaD:1 Sink:MaD:1 |
+models
+| 1 | Sink: ::new; Argument[0]; html-injection |
+| 2 | Source: ::to; Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]; remote |
+| 3 | Summary: ::into_inner; Argument[self]; ReturnValue; taint |
+| 4 | Summary: alloc::fmt::format; Argument[0]; ReturnValue; taint |
+| 5 | Summary: core::hint::must_use; Argument[0]; ReturnValue; value |
nodes
+| main.rs:8:1:8:18 | to | semmle.label | to |
+| main.rs:9:29:9:51 | ...: ...::Path::<...> | semmle.label | ...: ...::Path::<...> |
+| main.rs:10:9:10:18 | user_input | semmle.label | user_input |
+| main.rs:10:22:10:38 | path.into_inner() | semmle.label | path.into_inner() |
+| main.rs:12:9:12:12 | html | semmle.label | html |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | ...::format(...) | semmle.label | ...::format(...) |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | ...::must_use(...) | semmle.label | ...::must_use(...) |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | MacroExpr | semmle.label | MacroExpr |
+| main.rs:13:9:22:18 | { ... } | semmle.label | { ... } |
+| main.rs:25:5:25:13 | ...::new | semmle.label | ...::new |
+| main.rs:25:15:25:18 | html | semmle.label | html |
subpaths
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
index 8a914c2929c..2a16d3adfcb 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use actix_web::{
};
// The "bad" example from the qldoc
-#[get("/bad/{a}")]
+#[get("/bad/{a}")] // $ Source
async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
let user_input = path.into_inner();
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
user_input
);
- Html::new(html) // $ MISSING: Alert[rust/xss]
+ Html::new(html) // $ Alert[rust/xss]
}
fn html_escape(s: &str) -> String {
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
index 58f42bec0c8..bb0da5d1075 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
@@ -1,4 +1,27 @@
#select
+| main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | Cross-site scripting vulnerability due to a $@. | main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | user-provided value |
edges
+| main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | main.rs:9:15:9:26 | ...: String | provenance | Src:MaD:2 |
+| main.rs:9:15:9:26 | ...: String | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | MacroExpr | provenance | |
+| main.rs:11:17:11:20 | body | main.rs:12:31:12:34 | body | provenance | |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::format(...) | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | { ... } | provenance | |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::must_use(...) | main.rs:11:17:11:20 | body | provenance | |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | MacroExpr | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::format(...) | provenance | MaD:3 |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | { ... } | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::must_use(...) | provenance | MaD:4 |
+| main.rs:12:31:12:34 | body | main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | provenance | MaD:1 Sink:MaD:1 |
+models
+| 1 | Sink: warp::reply::html; Argument[0]; html-injection |
+| 2 | Source: <_ as warp::filter::Filter>::map; Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]; remote |
+| 3 | Summary: alloc::fmt::format; Argument[0]; ReturnValue; taint |
+| 4 | Summary: core::hint::must_use; Argument[0]; ReturnValue; value |
nodes
+| main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | semmle.label | map |
+| main.rs:9:15:9:26 | ...: String | semmle.label | ...: String |
+| main.rs:11:17:11:20 | body | semmle.label | body |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::format(...) | semmle.label | ...::format(...) |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::must_use(...) | semmle.label | ...::must_use(...) |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | MacroExpr | semmle.label | MacroExpr |
+| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | { ... } | semmle.label | { ... } |
+| main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | semmle.label | ...::html |
+| main.rs:12:31:12:34 | body | semmle.label | body |
subpaths
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
index 6ed00974c89..99bba671090 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ use warp::Filter;
pub async fn main() {
let hello = warp::path("greet")
.and(warp::path::param())
- .map(|name: String| {
+ .map(|name: String| { // $ Source
// Vulnerable to XSS because it directly includes user input in the response
let body = format!("Hello, {name}!
");
- warp::reply::html(body) // $ MISSING: Alert[rust/xss]
+ warp::reply::html(body) // $ Alert[rust/xss]
});
// Start the web server on port 3000
From 9c2858d69b2e5c3e6335342f7b6c9f4a2e3b407a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 15:41:44 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 04/11] Rust: Add qhelp for XSS query
---
.../ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp | 46 +++++++++++++++++++
.../ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSBad.rs | 21 +++++++++
.../src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs | 23 ++++++++++
3 files changed, 90 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
create mode 100644 rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSBad.rs
create mode 100644 rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2c1277a156d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+
+
+
+
+Directly writing user input (for example, an HTTP request parameter) to a web
+page, without properly sanitizing the input first, allows for a cross-site
+scripting vulnerability.
+
+
+
+To guard against cross-site scripting, consider encoding/escaping the unstrusted
+input before including it in the HTML.
+
+
+
+
+The following example shows a simple web handler that writes a path of the
+URL parameter directly to an HTML response, leaving the website vulnerable to
+cross-site scripting:
+
+
+
+To fix this vulnerability, the user input should be HTML-encoded before being
+included in the response:
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ OWASP:
+ XSS
+ (Cross Site Scripting) Prevention Cheat Sheet.
+
+
+ WiMISSING: Alert[rust/xss]kipedia: Cross-site scripting.
+
+
+ OWASP:
+ Cross-site Scripting (XSS).
+
+
+
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSBad.rs b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSBad.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8f08e0de7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSBad.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse, Result};
+
+// BAD: User input is directly included in HTML response without sanitization
+async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
+ let user_input = path.into_inner();
+
+ let html = format!(
+ r#"
+
+
+ Welcome
+
+ Hello, {}!
+
+
+ "#,
+ user_input
+ );
+
+ Html::new(html) // Unsafe: User input included directly in the response
+}
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1ec365a1d06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse, Result};
+use askama::Template;
+
+// GOOD: Manual HTML encoding using an `html_escape` function
+async fn safe_handler_with_encoding(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
+ let user_input = path.into_inner();
+ let escaped_input = html_escape(&user_input);
+
+ let html = format!(
+ r#"
+
+
+ Welcome
+
+ Hello, {}!
+
+
+ "#,
+ escaped_input
+ );
+
+ Html::new(html) // Safe: user input is HTML-encoded
+}
From 597c81d659c3ebef7659846631071b5d504f00d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 15:44:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 05/11] Rust: Add change note for XSS query
---
rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md | 4 ++++
1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..989e5e45b62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+category: newQuery
+---
+* Added new a query `rust/xss`, to detect XSS security vulnerabilities.
\ No newline at end of file
From ce25def71e41b3c41ffaa6123fe476aac2f29d6b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 19:22:30 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 06/11] Rust: Update integration test expected files
---
.../query-suite/rust-code-scanning.qls.expected | 1 +
.../query-suite/rust-security-and-quality.qls.expected | 1 +
.../query-suite/rust-security-extended.qls.expected | 1 +
3 files changed, 3 insertions(+)
diff --git a/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-code-scanning.qls.expected b/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-code-scanning.qls.expected
index 70e1bcb1064..399de0ae5d5 100644
--- a/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-code-scanning.qls.expected
+++ b/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-code-scanning.qls.expected
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ ql/rust/ql/src/queries/diagnostics/UnextractedElements.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/diagnostics/UnresolvedMacroCalls.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-020/RegexInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-022/TaintedPath.ql
+ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-089/SqlInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-311/CleartextTransmission.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-312/CleartextLogging.ql
diff --git a/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-and-quality.qls.expected b/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-and-quality.qls.expected
index 596fdef3b20..40269c317a7 100644
--- a/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-and-quality.qls.expected
+++ b/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-and-quality.qls.expected
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ ql/rust/ql/src/queries/diagnostics/UnextractedElements.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/diagnostics/UnresolvedMacroCalls.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-020/RegexInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-022/TaintedPath.ql
+ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-089/SqlInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-117/LogInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-311/CleartextTransmission.ql
diff --git a/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-extended.qls.expected b/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-extended.qls.expected
index 102c63e7942..9e5f5b836db 100644
--- a/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-extended.qls.expected
+++ b/rust/ql/integration-tests/query-suite/rust-security-extended.qls.expected
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ ql/rust/ql/src/queries/diagnostics/UnextractedElements.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/diagnostics/UnresolvedMacroCalls.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-020/RegexInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-022/TaintedPath.ql
+ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-089/SqlInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-117/LogInjection.ql
ql/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-311/CleartextTransmission.ql
From 411d1fa861cb1adcb04823adf43a9e908c18b72d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 09:31:00 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 07/11] Rust: Fix grammar and typos
Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
---
rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md | 2 +-
rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp | 2 +-
2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
index 989e5e45b62..ad536d7bed9 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
+++ b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
---
category: newQuery
---
-* Added new a query `rust/xss`, to detect XSS security vulnerabilities.
\ No newline at end of file
+* Added a new query `rust/xss`, to detect XSS security vulnerabilities.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
index 2c1277a156d..a9d938a65f5 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ included in the response:
(Cross Site Scripting) Prevention Cheat Sheet.
- WiMISSING: Alert[rust/xss]kipedia: Cross-site scripting.
+ Wikipedia: Cross-site scripting.
OWASP:
From 9ae4c14ffb0c0d5e4a6f68761369a30f439ad464 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 14:20:17 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 08/11] Rust: Address PR feedback
---
.../codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll | 2 +-
.../src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md | 2 +-
.../ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp | 14 ++++----
.../src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs | 6 ++--
rust/ql/src/queries/summary/Stats.qll | 1 +
.../security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock | 16 +++++++++
.../security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs | 6 ++--
.../security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml | 3 +-
.../security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected | 36 +++++++++----------
.../query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs | 6 ++--
10 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)
diff --git a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll
index 041f4a86c87..d1d043fafaf 100644
--- a/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll
+++ b/rust/ql/lib/codeql/rust/security/XssExtensions.qll
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ module Xss {
private class HeuristicHtmlEncodingBarrier extends Barrier {
HeuristicHtmlEncodingBarrier() {
exists(Call fc |
- fc.getStaticTarget().(Function).getName().getText().regexpMatch(".*(escape|encode).*") and
+ fc.getStaticTarget().getName().getText().regexpMatch(".*(escape|encode).*") and
fc.getArgument(_) = this.asExpr()
)
}
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
index ad536d7bed9..e3d6296d56f 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
+++ b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
---
category: newQuery
---
-* Added a new query `rust/xss`, to detect XSS security vulnerabilities.
\ No newline at end of file
+* Added a new a query `rust/xss`, to detect cross-site scripting security vulnerabilities.
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
index a9d938a65f5..38c361bd62f 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
@@ -10,20 +10,22 @@ scripting vulnerability.
-To guard against cross-site scripting, consider encoding/escaping the unstrusted
+
To guard against cross-site scripting, consider encoding/escaping the untrusted
input before including it in the HTML.
-The following example shows a simple web handler that writes a path of the
-URL parameter directly to an HTML response, leaving the website vulnerable to
-cross-site scripting:
+The following example shows a simple web handler that writes a URL path parameter
+directly to an HTML response, leaving the website vulnerable to cross-site
+scripting:
To fix this vulnerability, the user input should be HTML-encoded before being
-included in the response:
+included in the response. In the following example encode_text from
+the html_escape
+crate is used:
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ included in the response:
(Cross Site Scripting) Prevention Cheat Sheet.
- Wikipedia: Cross-site scripting.
+ Wikipedia: Cross-site scripting.
OWASP:
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs
index 1ec365a1d06..de62691f79c 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSSGood.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse, Result};
-use askama::Template;
-// GOOD: Manual HTML encoding using an `html_escape` function
+// GOOD: Manual HTML encoding using an `html_escape::encode_text` function
async fn safe_handler_with_encoding(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
let user_input = path.into_inner();
- let escaped_input = html_escape(&user_input);
-
+ let escaped_input = html_escape::encode_text(&user_input);
let html = format!(
r#"
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/summary/Stats.qll b/rust/ql/src/queries/summary/Stats.qll
index 7cd4fd67e24..5f9dcf755d4 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/queries/summary/Stats.qll
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/summary/Stats.qll
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ private import codeql.rust.security.TaintedPathExtensions
private import codeql.rust.security.UncontrolledAllocationSizeExtensions
private import codeql.rust.security.UseOfHttpExtensions
private import codeql.rust.security.WeakSensitiveDataHashingExtensions
+private import codeql.rust.security.XssExtensions
/**
* Gets a count of the total number of lines of code in the database.
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock
index 61ad9874eba..daf7370f6b5 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/Cargo.lock
@@ -509,6 +509,15 @@ version = "0.16.1"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "841d1cc9bed7f9236f321df977030373f4a4163ae1a7dbfe1a51a2c1a51d9100"
+[[package]]
+name = "html-escape"
+version = "0.2.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6d1ad449764d627e22bfd7cd5e8868264fc9236e07c752972b4080cd351cb476"
+dependencies = [
+ "utf8-width",
+]
+
[[package]]
name = "http"
version = "0.2.12"
@@ -1094,6 +1103,7 @@ name = "test"
version = "0.0.1"
dependencies = [
"actix-web",
+ "html-escape",
]
[[package]]
@@ -1228,6 +1238,12 @@ dependencies = [
"serde",
]
+[[package]]
+name = "utf8-width"
+version = "0.1.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1292c0d970b54115d14f2492fe0170adf21d68a1de108eebc51c1df4f346a091"
+
[[package]]
name = "utf8_iter"
version = "1.0.4"
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
index 2a16d3adfcb..85f2fdfd9da 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use actix_web::{
};
// The "bad" example from the qldoc
-#[get("/bad/{a}")] // $ Source
+#[get("/bad/{a}")] // $ Source=a
async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
let user_input = path.into_inner();
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
user_input
);
- Html::new(html) // $ Alert[rust/xss]
+ Html::new(html) // $ Alert[rust/xss]=a
}
fn html_escape(s: &str) -> String {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ fn html_escape(s: &str) -> String {
// The "good" example from the qldoc
async fn safe_handler_with_encoding(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
let user_input = path.into_inner();
- let escaped_input = html_escape(&user_input);
+ let escaped_input = html_escape::encode_text(&user_input);
let html = format!(
r#"
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml
index 84619d07434..f104c0008c4 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/options.yml
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
qltest_use_nightly: true
qltest_dependencies:
- - actix-web = { version = "4.12.0" }
\ No newline at end of file
+ - actix-web = { version = "4.12.0" }
+ - html-escape = { version = "0.2.13" }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
index bb0da5d1075..8a366d3b0d5 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/XSS.expected
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
#select
-| main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | Cross-site scripting vulnerability due to a $@. | main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | user-provided value |
+| main.rs:10:13:10:29 | ...::html | main.rs:7:10:7:12 | map | main.rs:10:13:10:29 | ...::html | Cross-site scripting vulnerability due to a $@. | main.rs:7:10:7:12 | map | user-provided value |
edges
-| main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | main.rs:9:15:9:26 | ...: String | provenance | Src:MaD:2 |
-| main.rs:9:15:9:26 | ...: String | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | MacroExpr | provenance | |
-| main.rs:11:17:11:20 | body | main.rs:12:31:12:34 | body | provenance | |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::format(...) | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | { ... } | provenance | |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::must_use(...) | main.rs:11:17:11:20 | body | provenance | |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | MacroExpr | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::format(...) | provenance | MaD:3 |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | { ... } | main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::must_use(...) | provenance | MaD:4 |
-| main.rs:12:31:12:34 | body | main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | provenance | MaD:1 Sink:MaD:1 |
+| main.rs:7:10:7:12 | map | main.rs:7:15:7:26 | ...: String | provenance | Src:MaD:2 |
+| main.rs:7:15:7:26 | ...: String | main.rs:9:32:9:56 | MacroExpr | provenance | |
+| main.rs:9:17:9:20 | body | main.rs:10:31:10:34 | body | provenance | |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | ...::format(...) | main.rs:9:32:9:56 | { ... } | provenance | |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | ...::must_use(...) | main.rs:9:17:9:20 | body | provenance | |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | MacroExpr | main.rs:9:32:9:56 | ...::format(...) | provenance | MaD:3 |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | { ... } | main.rs:9:32:9:56 | ...::must_use(...) | provenance | MaD:4 |
+| main.rs:10:31:10:34 | body | main.rs:10:13:10:29 | ...::html | provenance | MaD:1 Sink:MaD:1 |
models
| 1 | Sink: warp::reply::html; Argument[0]; html-injection |
| 2 | Source: <_ as warp::filter::Filter>::map; Argument[0].Parameter[0..7]; remote |
| 3 | Summary: alloc::fmt::format; Argument[0]; ReturnValue; taint |
| 4 | Summary: core::hint::must_use; Argument[0]; ReturnValue; value |
nodes
-| main.rs:9:10:9:12 | map | semmle.label | map |
-| main.rs:9:15:9:26 | ...: String | semmle.label | ...: String |
-| main.rs:11:17:11:20 | body | semmle.label | body |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::format(...) | semmle.label | ...::format(...) |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | ...::must_use(...) | semmle.label | ...::must_use(...) |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | MacroExpr | semmle.label | MacroExpr |
-| main.rs:11:32:11:56 | { ... } | semmle.label | { ... } |
-| main.rs:12:13:12:29 | ...::html | semmle.label | ...::html |
-| main.rs:12:31:12:34 | body | semmle.label | body |
+| main.rs:7:10:7:12 | map | semmle.label | map |
+| main.rs:7:15:7:26 | ...: String | semmle.label | ...: String |
+| main.rs:9:17:9:20 | body | semmle.label | body |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | ...::format(...) | semmle.label | ...::format(...) |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | ...::must_use(...) | semmle.label | ...::must_use(...) |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | MacroExpr | semmle.label | MacroExpr |
+| main.rs:9:32:9:56 | { ... } | semmle.label | { ... } |
+| main.rs:10:13:10:29 | ...::html | semmle.label | ...::html |
+| main.rs:10:31:10:34 | body | semmle.label | body |
subpaths
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
index 99bba671090..fb300f4cdd4 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/warp/main.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
-//! Tests for XSS
-//!
use warp::Filter;
#[tokio::main]
pub async fn main() {
let hello = warp::path("greet")
.and(warp::path::param())
- .map(|name: String| { // $ Source
+ .map(|name: String| { // $ Source=name
// Vulnerable to XSS because it directly includes user input in the response
let body = format!("Hello, {name}!
");
- warp::reply::html(body) // $ Alert[rust/xss]
+ warp::reply::html(body) // $ Alert[rust/xss]=name
});
// Start the web server on port 3000
From 7c7663629e7557b39e7001a1cfa689e46746c4eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 16:13:11 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 09/11] Rust: Fix typo in change note for XSS query
Co-authored-by: Geoffrey White <40627776+geoffw0@users.noreply.github.com>
---
rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md | 2 +-
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
index e3d6296d56f..32019b48151 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
+++ b/rust/ql/src/change-notes/2025-11-24-xss-query.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
---
category: newQuery
---
-* Added a new a query `rust/xss`, to detect cross-site scripting security vulnerabilities.
+* Added a new query `rust/xss`, to detect cross-site scripting security vulnerabilities.
From 7278bc75cabd1828e42aecaa266a62ccd19100c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 17:20:54 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 10/11] Rust: Remove unused function in XSS tests
---
.../test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs | 13 -------------
1 file changed, 13 deletions(-)
diff --git a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
index 85f2fdfd9da..42cd760ca6c 100644
--- a/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
+++ b/rust/ql/test/query-tests/security/CWE-079/actix/main.rs
@@ -25,19 +25,6 @@ async fn vulnerable_handler(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
Html::new(html) // $ Alert[rust/xss]=a
}
-fn html_escape(s: &str) -> String {
- s.chars()
- .map(|c| match c {
- '<' => "<".to_string(),
- '>' => ">".to_string(),
- '&' => "&".to_string(),
- '"' => """.to_string(),
- '\'' => "'".to_string(),
- _ => c.to_string(),
- })
- .collect()
-}
-
#[get("/good/{a}")]
// The "good" example from the qldoc
async fn safe_handler_with_encoding(path: web::Path) -> impl Responder {
From 97dad2db1725349232539c98e2f31945c497422b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Simon Friis Vindum
Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2025 11:43:41 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 11/11] Rust: Apply suggestions from docs review
Co-authored-by: mc <42146119+mchammer01@users.noreply.github.com>
---
rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp | 14 +++++++-------
rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql | 2 +-
2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
index 38c361bd62f..13b7c026f3c 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.qhelp
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
-Directly writing user input (for example, an HTTP request parameter) to a web
-page, without properly sanitizing the input first, allows for a cross-site
+
Directly writing user input (for example, an HTTP request parameter) to a webpage,
+without properly sanitizing the input first, allows for a cross-site
scripting vulnerability.
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ scripting:
To fix this vulnerability, the user input should be HTML-encoded before being
-included in the response. In the following example encode_text from
+included in the response. In the following example, encode_text from
the html_escape
-crate is used:
+crate is used to achieve this:
@@ -34,15 +34,15 @@ crate is used:
OWASP:
- XSS
- (Cross Site Scripting) Prevention Cheat Sheet.
+
+Cross Site Scripting Prevention Cheat Sheet.
Wikipedia: Cross-site scripting.
OWASP:
- Cross-site Scripting (XSS).
+ Cross Site Scripting (XSS).
diff --git a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
index 58fb77422ae..3c43f5043c7 100644
--- a/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
+++ b/rust/ql/src/queries/security/CWE-079/XSS.ql
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/**
* @name Cross-site scripting
- * @description Writing user input directly to a web page
+ * @description Writing user input directly to a webpage
* allows for a cross-site scripting vulnerability.
* @kind path-problem
* @problem.severity error