[zlaski/pointer-overflow-check] Refine query to exclude macros (other than 'assert').

cpp/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Memory Management/PointerOverflowCheck-good.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 bool check_pointer_overflow(P *ptr, P *ptr_end) {
-    return ptr + 4 >= ptr_end; // GOOD
+    return ptr_end - ptr >= 4; // GOOD
 }

cpp/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Memory Management/PointerOverflowCheck.qhelp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 <qhelp>
 <overview>
 <p>
-When checking for out-of-range pointer values, one might write tests like
+When checking for out-of-range pointer values, we might write tests like
 <code>p + a &lt; p</code> and check if the value "wraps around".
 Such a test is wrong in that it relies on the overflow of <code>p + a</code>,
 which has undefined behavior. In fact, many optimizing compilers will remove
@@ -18,13 +18,12 @@ the operating system) or nonexistent.
 <recommendation>
 <p>
 When checking for an out-of-range pointer, compare the pointer
-value <code>p</code> against a known value <code>p_max</code> representing
-the highest allowable memory address.  Ideally, <code>p_max</code> should
-point just past the end of a data structure, such as an array or a vector.
-For lower-level work, it should point at the highest address in the program
-heap. It is also important that <code>p + a</code> points at a valid object
-and that <code>a</code> is small enough so that the expression <code>p + a</code> 
-does not itself overflow.
+value <code>p</code> against a known pointer value <code>p_max</code> representing
+the highest allowable memory address.  The <code>p_max</code> pointer should
+point inside or just past the end of a defined memory region, such that 
+<code>p + a &lt;= p_max</code>.  Since we do not wish to evaluate <code>p + a</code>
+(which may result in undefined behavior), we rewrite the inequality as 
+<code>p_max - p &gt; a</code>.
 </p>
 </recommendation>
 <example>

cpp/ql/src/Likely Bugs/Memory Management/PointerOverflowCheck.ql

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  * @description Testing for out-of-range pointers by adding a value to a pointer
  *              to see if it "wraps around" is dangerous because it relies
  *              on undefined behavior and may lead to attempted use of
- *              nonexistent or inaccessible memory locations
+ *              nonexistent or inaccessible memory locations.
  * @kind problem
  * @problem.severity warning
  * @precision high
@@ -14,12 +14,23 @@
 
 import cpp
 private import semmle.code.cpp.valuenumbering.GlobalValueNumbering
-private import semmle.code.cpp.rangeanalysis.SimpleRangeAnalysis
+
+class AssertMacro extends Macro {
+  AssertMacro() {
+    getName() = "assert" or
+    getName() = "_ASSERT" or
+    getName() = "_ASSERTE" or
+    getName() = "_ASSERT_EXPR"
+  }
+}
 
 from RelationalOperation ro, PointerAddExpr add, Expr expr1, Expr expr2
 where
   ro.getAnOperand() = add and
   add.getAnOperand() = expr1 and
   ro.getAnOperand() = expr2 and
-  globalValueNumber(expr1) = globalValueNumber(expr2)
+  globalValueNumber(expr1) = globalValueNumber(expr2) and
+  not exists(MacroInvocation mi |
+    mi.getAnAffectedElement() = add and not mi.getMacro() instanceof AssertMacro
+  )
 select ro, "Pointer out-of-range check relying on pointer overflow is undefined."